2024届高考英语复习备考：被动语态 讲义

高考英语复习备考:被动语态 讲练 被动语态 01 被动语态构成表 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。  看主语与谓语之间是被动关系还是主动关系，确定使用主动语态还是被动语态。 常见的被动语态构成如下(以动词do为例)： 02 考点点拨  英语中有些动词不表示动作，而是表示某种状态或情况，通常不用于被动语态，如cost, fit, last, own, fail等。 在主动语态中，hear, see, notice等感官动词和make, have, let等使役动词后跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但在转换为被动语态时，该不定式前要加to。 某些感官动词加形容词可表被动意义，如：feel, look, smell, sound, taste等。 某些不及物动词后加副词，也可表被动意义，如：lock, open, read, sell, cut等。 含短语动词的被动语态，短语中的介词或副词不能丢掉。 把直接宾语改为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前要加介词to / for。 不及物动词和不及物动词短语不能用于被动语态，如：appear, die, fall, happen, come out, take place等。 03 经典习题 1.—Wow, your silk dress looks so beautiful! How much is it?  —Well, it   me $50.   A. cost B. was cost  C. spent D. was spent  2.—Sandy was made   by some boys.    — Oh, sorry to hear that.  A. cry B. to cry C. cried D. to crying  3.—These oranges look ugly, but they   very sweet.  — If so, I’d like to buy some.  A. tasted B. were tasted C. taste D. are tasted 4.—Don’t you like the car? It   so well.  —I like it a lot, but I just can’t afford it.  A. sells B. is sold C. sold D. was sold  5.As is known to all, the 2022 Winter Olympics   in China. A. took place B. will take place C. were taken place D. will be taken place  参考答案：ABCAB 常见几种时态的被动语态 01 含情态动词的被动语态 讲一讲 含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为：情态动词+be+动词的过去分词 (+by+动作的执行者)。如： Your homework should be finished before 9 pm.  The plant needn’t be watered every day.  Must the room be cleaned twice a day, Mom? When can my computer be repaired, Mr. Wang? 表示被动意义的特殊结构：  1. read, ride, write, sell等作不及物动词时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。  2. look, smell, taste, feel, sound等表感觉的连系动词也常用主动形式表示被动意义。 练一练 一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。  1.Many more trees should   (plant) in the town.  2.Must the work   (finish) by 6:30 this afternoon?  3.—How often do I need to feed the dog? —It must   (give) food three times a day. 4.The stars can   (see) clearly this evening.  5.Tables can   (make) of stone or wood.  二、把下列句子改为含有被动语态的句子。 1.We should clean our teeth twice a day. 2.You must hand in your homework before class. 3.You c