内容正文:
定语从句
句子是一棵大树,主语、谓语、宾语(表语)是主干,定语、状语、补语是修饰语。
1. 定语:对名词或代词起修饰限定作用的词或短语
翻译:。。。的
2. 例如:她是一个 漂亮的女孩。
a red apple 一个红的苹果 形容词做定语
a beautiful girl 一个美丽的女孩
my friend 形容词性物主代词做定语
his pen
a girl in red 一个穿红色衣服的女孩 介词短语作定语
3. 根据定语的位置分为前置定语和后置定语
4. 定语从句:起修饰限定作用的句子。
在句中起定语作用,修饰某一名词或代词,或修饰整个主句的从句,叫做定语从句
5. 定语从句的构成:主句(先行词)+关系词+从句
先行词:被修饰限定的那个人/物
6. 关系词1. 关系代词:who,whom,whose,which,that, as(一般以固定搭配出现)
2. 关系副词: when, where, why
7. 关系词的作用1.连接主语和从句
2.指代先行词
3.在从句中充当成分
8. 怎么写定语从句?
例句He is an old man. He sends gifts to children.
He is an old man who sends gifts to children.
9. 关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语,因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
10. 关系代词:
指人
指物
主语
宾语
定语
表语
that
√
√
√
√
√
which
√
√
√
who
√
√
√
√
whom
√
√
whose
√
√
√
11. 如何选择关系代词?
口诀:先看先行词,辨清人或物,
后看从句里,有无主宾语。
12. 例句:
1. who指人,在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语
(1)I don't like the man doesn't keep his word.遵守诺言
改写为两句话:
(2)I'd really like to find a friend I can trust.
改写为两句话
2. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可以省略,也可用who代替。
(1)Rose is the person you should care about.
改写为两句话:
3. whose可以指人也可指物,在定语从句中充当定语。
(1)I know the person house was destroyed in the earthquake.
改写为两句话:
(2)He lives in a room window faces north.
改写为两句话:
练习:
1. Do you know the man_________ is talking with your mother?
2. I like those books _________topics are about history.
3. This is the girl _____________we talked about just now.
改写句子:
4. The man Wang Tao wrote to on the internet is the manager.
4. which指事物,在定语从句中充当主语宾语,作宾语时可以省略。
(1)The little girl is having an apple is big and red.
改写为两句话
(2)The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring he had lost on the train.
5. that可指人也可指事物,在定语从句中充当主语、宾语,作宾语时可以省略。习惯上指人时用who/whom,指物时用which。
(1)The number of people come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
找出主句:
(2)The suitcase that/which lies