内容正文:
定语从句
attributive Clause
1
目
录
什么是定语从句
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
01
02
03
2
句子成分
主语
宾语
定语
谓语
表语
状语
补语
句子是一棵大树,主语、谓语、宾语(表语)是主干,定语、状语、补语是修饰语。
什么是定语?
他是一个可爱的蓝胖子。
他是一个工具齐全的蓝胖子。
a red apple 一个红的苹果
a beautiful girl 一个美丽的女孩
形容词作定语
my friend
his pen
形容词性物主代词作定语
a girl in red 一个穿红色衣服的女孩
介词短语作定语
定语:对名词或代词起修饰限定作用的词或短语
翻译:。。。的
定语的位置
前置定语
后置定语
定语从句又是什么呢?
起修饰限定作用的句子。
在句中起定语作用,修饰某一名词或代词,或修饰整个主句的从句,叫做定语从句
定语从句
主句(先行词)+关系词+从句
引导定语从句的关系词
关系代词:who,whom,whose,which,that, as
关系副词: when, where, why
关系词作用
1.连接主语和从句
2.指代先行词
3.在从句中充当成分
先行词:被修饰限定的那个人/物
He is an old man. He sends gifts to children.
He is an old man who sends gifts to children.
先行词
关系词
定语从句
关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语,因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
注意
12
关系代词
指人 指物 主语 宾语 定语 表语
that
which
who
whom
whose
如何选择关系代词?
(who, whom, whose, which, that)
口诀:先看先行词,辨清人或物,
后看从句里,有无主宾语。
关系代词的基本用法
1. who指人,在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语
(1)I don't like the man who doesn't keep his word.遵守诺言
先行词
关系词,指人,在从句中做主语
(2)I'd really like to find a friend who I can trust.
先行词
关系词,指人,在从句中作宾语
2. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可以省略,也可用who代替。
Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about.
先行词
关系词,指人,在从句中作宾语
Rose is the person. You should care about her.
I'd really like to find a friend. I can trust him.
15
关系代词的基本用法
3. whose可以指人也可指物,在定语从句中充当定语。
(1)I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.
先行词
关系词,指人,在从句中做定语,所属关系
I know the person. His house was destroyed in the earthquake.
(2)He lives in a room whose window faces north.
关系词,指物,在从句中做定语,所属关系
先行词
He lives in a room. Its window faces north.
16
Exercise
1. Do you know the man_________ is talking with your mother?
2. I like those books_________topics are about history.
who
whose
3. This is the girl_____________we talked about just now.
who/whom
This is a girl. We talked about her just now.
17
关系代词的基本用法
4. which指事物,在定语从句中充当主语宾语,作宾语时可以省略。
(1)The little girl is having an apple which is big and red.
先行词
关系词,指物,在从句中做主语
The little girl is havin