Unit 1 Period 1 单元知识详解(分层练习)-高二英语上学期同步精品课堂（译林版2020选择性必修第一册）

Unit 1 Food matters

Period 1 单元知识详解练习

 Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.Then beat the butter and sugar together until pale and ____________(奶油色的).

2.The dog quickly licked the milk from the ____________(碟子).

3.The fish is too small and too ____________(咸的).

4.Sweetened drinks contain a lot of ____________(卡路里).

5.It is hard to make a profit feeding obese people at an “all-you-can-eat” ____________(自助餐).

6.The smell is very familiar to everyone who lives near a ____________(面包房).

7.Don’t forget to mark the date on the ____________(包装纸)!

8.A small baby has no ____________(概念) of right and wrong.

9.He stood on the ____________(边缘) of the cliff.

10.Michael is a professionally-trained ____________(厨师).

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1.These paints can be used individually or in ____________ (combine).

2.The path ran ____________ (gentle) down to the sea.

3.The book was published in ____________ (associate)　with British Heritage.

4.They are now under a great deal of pressure to tighten their airport ____________ (secure).

5.I like my ____________ (fry) eggs with soy sauce.

6.It was a picture of an ____________ (adore) little girl.

7.His personal wealth is ____________ (estimate) at around $100 million.

8.The city is a ____________ (mix) of old and new buildings.

9.The only thing you would end up ____________ (stimulate) is sales of home safes.

10.We must promote originality, inspire creativity and encourage ____________(innovate). 

Ⅲ.翻译句子

1.Call me when you get there, no matter what the time is.

______________________________________

2.I take my time waking up,but then I wash up quickly.

______________________________________

3.Before you know it, your best friend is leaving for Beijing next week.

______________________________________。

4.It does my heart good to see the old place being taken care of so well.

______________________________________

5.Since her husband died, she has thrown herself into her work.

______________________________________

Ⅳ.阅读理解

A

In 2015, researchers from Australia’s Deakin University published one of the first studies measuring food’s physical effect on the left hippocampus(海马体), a seahorse-shaped brain region crucial for memory, learning, and decision making.It is also one of the first areas to shrink in people with Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia(痴呆).255 people filled out diet surveys and then underwent MRI (磁共振扫描成像) that measured their brains.Four years later, they returned for another scan in response to a request from the researchers.

The study found that the left hippocampus was bigger and heavier in the healthy eaters than in the unhealthy ones, regardless of age, sex, weight, exercise habits, or general health.That means eating the right foods and skipping the wrong stuff could help protect against declines in thinking and memory that lead to dementia.Healthy eating doesn’t just prevent brain decline.It raises scores on thinking and memory tests, according to a study published in March 2019 that tracked 2,621 American women and men for 30 years.“Green leafy vegetables have good effects that may protect both females and males against cognitive(认知的)decline and dementia,” says lead researcher Claire McEvoy, RD, of the Centre for Public Health at Queen’s University Belfast in Northern Ireland.

Even a little healthy food goes a long way.According to a 2018 Rush University study that tracked 960 people for 4.7 years, participants who ate just 1.3 extra servings of green leafy vegetables a day showed cognitive abilities similar to those of people 11 years younger.

How are these power foods working with your brain cells? Animal and test-tube experiments suggest that compounds in healthy diets help new cells make copies of DNA when they divide and multiply.Meanwhile, high-fat, high-sugar processed foods harm brain cells.

While food serves as an important brain protector, experts say brain supplements(补品)aren’t all that effective.Studies show that they don’t make brain cells active in a significantly positive way.“Let the buyer be cautious,” says David Hogan, MD, a specialist at the University of Calgary.A study of nootropics(益智药)in the November 2019 Journal of the American Medical Association revealed that the unapproved drug—piracetam(乙酰胺吡咯烷酮)was found in four out of five brands tested, at levels that could cause side effects such as depression.

1.Why did the researchers have the 255 people return for another MRI scan four years later?

A.To test whether they had Alzheimer’s disease.

B.To see what effects diets had on the left hippocampus.

C.To study how they kept healthy in the four years.

D.To deepen their research into Alzheimer’s disease.

2.What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

A.Healthy eating helps to reduce the risk of dementia.

B.Unhealthy diet is a major contributing factor in cognitive decline.

C.Age and sex have nothing to do with our general health.

D.Plant-based diets have greater effects on women than men.

3.Which of the following would David Hogan most probably agree with?

A.Brain supplements are as helpful as healthy diets.

B.We’d better take brain supplements for convenience.

C.We should be careful when taking brain supplements.

D.Brain supplements have as many side effects as processed foods.

4.What might be the best title for the passage?

A.Yes to Green Leafy Vegetables

B.Yes to Nootropics

C.No to Intelligence

D.No to Dementia

B

Feeling hungry? Then what’s the easiest way to satisfy your hunger? Many of us will reach for a takeaway menu and order some delicious-but possibly unhealthy-food.And our increasingly busy and stressful lives add to our need to buy ready-made food on the go or delivered to home.

Eating options are endless, and new technology means we can feed our desires at the push of a button.Takeaway delivery apps make ordering food quick and convenient, and during the epidemic, it provided a lifeline to those stuck at home with nothing to cook or who lacked the skills to prepare a meal for themselves.It’s estimated that in the UK alone, people eat three million takeaway meals a day, and the three biggest delivery apps together offer a choice of 100 dishes from 60, 000 restaurants.

It’s no wonder we are tempted to skip the grocery shopping, bypass the kitchen, and enjoy something that someone else has prepared.But ordering a pizza, a spicy curry or a box of noodles, can come at a price both financially and to our health.Eating too much processed and unhealthy fast food has some effect on obesity and the risk of developing certain diseases.A few years ago, BBC Good Food nation survey found that most people ate fast food on average two days per week.But, in the 16 to 20-year-old category, one in six ate fast food at least twice a day.

Of course, reducing salt, sugar and fat is one way to make takeaway food healthier, as well as offering smaller portion sizes.But the best advice is to find a cooking book and try making your own healthy meal.And if you haven’t got time, try ordering a healthier alternative from the menu.

5.What has made ordering and delivering takeaway food easy?

A.The fast-pace lifestyle.

B.Takeaway delivery apps.

C.The coronavirus crisis.

D.Lack of cooking skills.

6.What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?

A.Processed food is usually sold at a low price.