高考语篇型语法填空专题讲义-2024届高三英语一轮复习

高考语篇型语法填空专题讲义 1、 命题形式 在一篇200个单词左右的文章中留出10个空白，要求考生根据上下文填写出空白处所需内容或所提供单词的正确形式。 每个句子（包括从句和分句）所设空最多2个，有单词提示的空是7个，其余3个无提示。 二、语法填空的考点或考查内容是： 1.语法填空题—能力要求： A 阅读/理解语篇的能力; B 分析句子结构的能力; C 熟练运用语法的能力。 2.语法填空题—空格设计 (1)纯空格题：通常考冠词、介词、代词、和连词等四类虚词。 (2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考查谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、词类转换等。 3、 有提示词的填空题 提示词 考法 名词 名词复数、名词所有格、形容词性转换 动词 谓语的时态和语态、动词的非谓语形式 代词 主格人称代词还是宾格人称代词，是单数还是复数；是形容词性代词还是名词性物主代词 形容词 形容词变副词或名词；比较级或者最高级 副词 副词变形容词 给出了提示词的试题的解题技巧 1.【给出了动词的试题的解题技巧】 首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。 技巧1：若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。 [例1]His fear of failure ___ _(keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. [例2] That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, (close) my book and walked away. [例3] In Logan, three people _________(take)to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. 技巧2：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用—ing形式、—ed形式，还是用不定式形式，确定的方法主要有： 1） 与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词：V-ing [例4] He saw the stone, 　　　　 (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.” 2） 是被动关系用过去分词：V-ed形式。如： [例5] The headmaster went into the lab, ________ (follow) by the foreign guests. [例6] Lessons (learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. 3） 作目的状语（用来表目的）或者在形容词后的作状语，一般用不定式：to do [例7] _______ (complete) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day. [例8] Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely _______ (succeed). 【课堂练一练】 Yangshuo,China It was raining lightly when I 61_ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours 62 , I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with 63 (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain. I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 64 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 65 (painting). Instead