Unit 2 Understanding each other Grammar and Usage 课件-2022-2023学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第四册

welcome ladies and gentlemen what is attibutive clause? 含义 定语（attribute）：在句子中修饰名词、代词的成分 定语从句（attributive clause）: 在句子中做定语的从句 定语从句的特点：都可以翻译成 I sat next to a girl whose name was Diana. (定语从句) Jack likes movies that are funny. (定语从句) ''...的” 定语从句的一般结构是： 先行词（人/物）+关系代词/关系副词+从句 I know the boy who is sitting on the desk. 主句 定语从句 先行词 引导词 关系代词：that which who whom whose 关系副词：when where why 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。 关系代词在定语从句中有三个作用： 1. 引导一个定语从句； 2.在从句中代替先行词； 3.在从句中担任某一句子成份。 一、关系代词的用法 关系代词 指代 在从句中的作用 that 人/物 主/宾 which 物 主/宾 who 人 主/宾 whom 人 宾 whose（of which/whom） 人/物 定 判断关系词的方法 在判断哪一个关系词来引导定语从句时， 其次, 确定关系词在从句中充当的成分 首先, 找准定语从句的先行词 例句 3. What's the girl you talked to just now? 刚才跟你说话的那个女孩子是干什么的？ whom(who) 2.He was the man car was stolen last night. 他就是昨天晚上车被偷的那个男子。 whose 1.That was a fault could not be forgiven. 那是不能宽恕的错误。 that/which that/which 作主语 whose作定语 whom(who)作宾语 考点一：定语从句的主谓一致 由关系代词引导的定语从句，从句谓语动词的单复数形式根据先行词来确定，即先行词为单数，从句谓语动词为单数; 先行词为复数，则从句谓语动词为复数。 仔细观察：你会发现什么？ 1) I prefer shoes that are cool? 2) I like a pizza that is really delicious. 3) I love singers who are beautiful. 4) I have a friend who plays sports. pracice 1. He is one of the students who were late for school. 他是迟到的学生中的一个。 (句中的students是先行词，故从句的谓语动词使用复数形式) 2.He was the only one of the students who was late for school. 他是学生中唯一迟到的一个。 (one之前有”the only”或“the very” 修饰时，one就是先行词， 故从句的谓语动词应该使用单数形式） 考点二：关系代词的省略 在限制性定语从句中，关系代词which, who, whom 或 that 在从句中充当宾语，且前无介词时，关系代词可以省略。例如： This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan. The people (whom) I work with are all friendly. Is this the library from which you borrow books. 是否可以省略which 判断正误 1949 was the year that the P.R.C. was founded. 考点三：关系代词前介词的确定 1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系 2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配 3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded. 2. This is the boy I sit. They live in a house whose door opens to the south.