2024届高考一轮复习非谓语动词（分词和独立主格结构） 课件

2024高考一轮复习 非谓语动词（分词与独立主格结构） 1. 现在分词 一 . 现在分词的作用 1. 作定语 a swimming boy 正在游泳的男孩 The man speaking to Lily 正在和丽丽说话的男人 John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter offering him it. 提供他工作机会的信件（仅表达主动意义，不翻译成正在提供工作的信件） （思考类比：①动名词做定语的意义？a washing machine; a walking stick ②boy-swim; man-speak; letter-offer之间是主动关系还是被动关系？ ③它们的位置？ 2. 作状语 It hasn’t rained for a month, making the crops hard to grow. (作顺其自然的结果状语) When reading the novel, I heard the telephone ring.（作时间状语, 分词前面可加when, while等词） Living far from the school, he has to get up early every morning.（原因状语） 主动 单个单词放名词前面，词组或句子放名词后面 此处添加标题文本 This is a good space for a short subtitle 3. 作补语 使役动词（have）/感官动词+宾语+现在分词作宾补（意义为主动或正在进行） I have two men working for me in the company. I see soldiers wearing sky-blue helmets 4. 作表语: 具有形容词的性质，说明主语(物)的性质、特征。 The movie is really amusing . The book is interesting. 此处添加标题文本 This is a good space for a short subtitle 二 . 现在分词的进阶版（高考难点） 1. 现在分词的完成形式：having done，表示动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。 Having waited for an hour, he realized he had left his wallet at home. 2. 现在分词的被动形式：being done I heard an English song being sung by a little girl at the English evening. The bridge being built now will be completed next year. 注意：比较动名词的进阶版？各自做的什么句子成分？ 1. 动名词的完成形式：having done He was praised for having finished the work ahead of time. 2. 动名词的被动形式: being done We must do something to prevent water from being polluted. 可以发现，动名词和现在分词的进阶版形式是一样的，只不过做的句子成分是不同的。 此处添加标题文本 This is a good space for a short subtitle 2. 过去分词 一 . 过去分词的作用 1. 作定语，表示被动和完成； fallen leaves (只表示完成，不表示被动) broken glasses (表示被动和完成) Who were the guests invited to your party last night? 2. 作状语（看例句，思考过去分词和主语之间的关系，是主动，还是被动？） Given enough money, I'd buy that car at once. Frightened by the noise outside, the little girl dared not sleep in her bedroom. 注意: ①分词与省略句的联动：在when， while， if， though， as， until， once， whether， unless等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句主语相同的主语和be动词，形成“连词＋分词短语”结构。 When (he was ) treated with kindness he was very lovely. When (I