2024届高考语法专题复习：名词性从句 讲义

名词性从句 一、名词性从句的结构和功能总述 名词性从句是在句子中充当名词作用的从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句主要以that、 whether／if、who、whom、where、why、how和what或wh－ever等引导。此外，as if／ as though也可引导语从句。 二、名词性从句的引导词 分类 连接词 功能 从属连词 that 在句子中不作任何句子成分，也没有词汇意义 whether, if 在句子中不作任何句子成分，意为“是否” because, as if/though 在句子中不作任何句子成分，分别意为“因为”，“好像” 连接代词 who(ever), whom, whose, what(ever), which(ever) Who(ever),what(ever)在从句中作主语、宾语或表语； Whom在从句中作宾语； Whose在从句中作定语； Which(ever)在从句中作主语、宾语 连接副词 When(ever), where, Wherever, why, how 在从句中作状语 三、四类名词性从句 主语从句 在复合句中充当主语的句子叫做主语从句。 引导主语从句的词有连词that, whether, 连接代词who, what which; 连接副词when, where, how, why等。如： That he will succeed is certain. Whether wild life can be well protected is of great importance. Who will go makes no difference. Which kind of food is the best is still not certain. What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation. Whoever comes is welcome. How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. When they’ll start the project has not been decided yet. Where he hid the money is to be found out. Why dinosaurs died out remains a puzzle. 1. that从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，常见的句型有： It+be+形容词（obvious, true, natural, surprising ,wonderful, likely, certain, ….）+that从句 It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.她是否能来令人怀疑。 It was really astonishing that he refused to talk to you. 他拒绝和你说话真是令人惊讶。 It is essential that he should be here by the weekend. 周末之前，他应该到这里是必要的。 It+be+名词词组（no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.）+that从句 It is a mystery to me how it all happened.这一切是怎么发生的是个谜。 It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.鲸鱼不是鱼，这是常识。 It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game. 鲍勃会赢得这场比赛，这不足为奇。 It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. It+be+过去分词（said, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.）+that从句 It is known to all that China is a developing country. It is thought that he is the best player.大家都认为他是最好的选手。 It is estimated that the vase is 2000 years old.据估计这个花瓶有2000