初高中语法衔接词、短语、句子成分 课件-2023-2024学年初升高衔接英语课程

GRAMMAR 语法 __________ 课前思考答一答： 1. 如何判断是否是一个句子？ 2. 句子的成分有哪些？ 3. 英语的三大句型有哪些？ 4. 如何分清主从句？ 中文VS英文： 中国近些年在国际上的地位有了明显提高。 学校里那只黑白相间的猫昨天晚上跑丢了。 一个可爱的男孩在他家那棵绿色的大树下乘凉。 我打算假期呆在家里好好学习。 我朋友的妹妹以前喜欢唱跳rap，现在成为了一名律师。 我进去看了，只记得门警是瑞士士兵，穿着黄色制服，别的没有印象了。 China's status in the world has improved significantly in recent years. The black and white cat in the school ran away last night. A cute boy enjoys the cool under the big green tree of his family. I'm going to stay at home and study hard during the holiday. My friend's sister, who used to like singing，dancing and rap, is now a lawyer. I came in to have a look and I just remembered that the guard at the gate were Swiss soldiers in yellow uniforms. 总结： 1. 中文可以有多个动词，英语不行，一个简单句里只能有一个动词，再多就要改成其他形式。（并列句、从句、非谓语） 2. 时间、地点都属于修饰成分，要与主干（主谓宾）内容区分开来。 名词 动词 形容词 副词 介词 冠词 ...... “词” “句子” 简单句 并列句 复合句（从句） ...... 语法框架 词 句子？词能直接构词句子吗？ 词 短语 句子 思考： 看图翻译 一个可爱的男孩在他家那棵绿色的大树下...... a cute boy under the big green tree of his family 一个可爱的男孩在他家那棵绿色的大树下乘凉。 A cute boy enjoys the cool under the big green tree of his family. 男孩 一个男孩 一个可爱的男孩 boy a boy a cute boy 树 那棵树 那棵他家的树 那棵他家的绿色的大树 在他家那棵绿色的大树下 tree the tree the tree of his family under the big green tree of his family boy a boy a cute boy 名词 冠词+名词 冠词+形容词+名词 名词短语！ enjoys the cool 动词 冠词+名词 （名词短语） 动词短语！ the big green tree 名词短语 under 介词 = 介词短语 + 所以：句子是由各种短语构成的，判断什么短语，要看中心词。 China's status in the world has improved significantly in recent years. The black and white cat in the school ran away last night. A cute boy enjoys the cool under the big green tree of his family. I'm going to stay at home and study hard during the holiday. My friend's sister, who used to like singing，dancing and rap, is now a lawyer. I came in to have a look and I just remembered that the guard at the gate were Swiss soldiers in yellow uniforms. 总结： 1. 读文章时，不要一个字一个字的看，先划成短语，提高效率。 2. 做题时，删除修饰信息，学会抓住干。 3. 做翻译，写作文时切记中英文的不同，不能字对字的翻译！ 总结： 语法中构成一句话的最小单位是 。 大于一个词叫做 。 构成什么短语取决于