2024届高考英语一轮复习：非谓语动词讲义

非谓语动词 概述 1. 非谓语动词的定义：非谓语动词是指在句中不作谓语的动词形式。 2. 非谓语动词的功能：在句中充当除谓语之外的其他成分（主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等）。注意: 过去分词done 不能充当主语和宾语；having (been) done不能作主语或定语。 3. 非谓语动词的含义： (1) to do 表“为了做”、“结果（常指意料外的结果）”时，常做目的状语和结果状语；表“要去”、“将要”时，常做定语或表语等。 (2) doing 带有“主动”或“正在 / 一直进行中”的含义；表情绪的v.-ing常表“令人感到…” (3) done 带有“被动”或“已经完成”的含义；表情绪的v.-ed常表“感到…”。 4. 非谓语动词的各种形式 非谓语动词 主动语态 被动语态 不定式 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done to have been done 现在分词/ 动名词 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 过去分词 done 1　 I have a lot of reading to complete before the end of this term. 本学期结束前，我有大量的阅读任务要完成。 2　 Charles Babbage is generally considered to have invented the first computer. 人们一致认为查尔斯·巴贝奇发明了第一台计算机。 3　 No harm seems to have been done. 似乎并没有造成伤害。 4　 Do you mind being interrupted while studying? 你介意学习时被打扰吗？ 5　 Having been ignored for a long time, the boy sitting at the back felt bored and went out. 因长时间被忽视，这个男孩坐在后面感到枯燥就出去了。 6　 Given enough time, we are sure to do it well. 如果给予我们足够的时间，我们一定能做好。 非谓语动词作表语 1、 不定式作表语，表一次具体的动作或将要发生的事，主语往往是dream，goal，aim，purpose，plan 等表示意向、打算、计划的词。 Her wish is to be a teacher. 她的愿望是当一名教师 2、 动名词（短语）作表语，表示抽象的一般性行为，用来说明主语的内容，与主语通常是同一概念，表语和主语常可互换位置。 One of the best exercises is swimming. = Swimming is one of the best exercises. 游泳是最好的运动之一。 3、 分词作表语相当于形容词，但要注意二者的区别： 过去分词表“感到…”，一般修饰人； 现在分词表“令人…”，一般修饰物。 I am confused with this confusing question. What he said was very encouraging. 4、 难点——哪些词是系动词？（五感五变三保持，一是一像永不忘） （1）五感： look , sound , smell , taste , feel （2）五变： grow , turn , get go , become , come , fall （3）三保持：keep , stay , remain （4）一是： be ( am , is , are , was , were ) （5）一像： seem 【强化训练】 1. My job is __________________ (teach)you English this term. 2. Her wish was __________________ (become) an artist. 3. To achieve this condition, I keep __________________ (tell) myself: Be sure to study hard. 4. She remained __________________ （stand）though we repeatedly asked her to sit down. 5. Anyone touching tha