2024年中考英语专项复习模块一词汇：4.副词 学案

副词

副词的位置

1. 修饰形容词和其他副词时，一般位于被修饰词之前

Eg: He walked too fast.

   She cried so loudly.

2. 用来修饰整个句子，表示说话人的看法、态度、评论或估价时，通常用逗号与句中的其他成分隔开

    Eg: Luckily, the little boy was saved by the firemen.

 

副词的比较等级

1．原级比较：用于两者程度相同的比较

(1)       原级比较的句型结构

①　在肯定句中用“as+原级副词+as”的结构，表示前后两者的情况一样

Eg: Tom runs as fast as Peter.

②　在否定句中用“not ... so/as+原级副词+as”的结构，表示前者不如后者

Eg: She can’t speak English as/so fluently as you.

(2)      只能修饰原级的词：very, so, too, quite等

    Eg: He got up so early that he caught the first bus.

   It rained quite heavily last night.

 

2．比较级和最高级的构成

(1)                 规则变化

构成	原级	比较级	最高级
一般在词尾加-er, -est	fast	faster	fastest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，将y变为i再加-er, -est	early	earlier	earliest
部分双音节词和多音节词在词前加more, most	slowly	more slowly	most slowly
	quickly	more quickly	most quickly

 

(2)      不规则变化

原级	比较级	最高级
well	better	best

badly	worse	worst
much	more	most
little	less	least
far	farther（只指距离）	farthest（只指距离）
	further（指距离也只程度）	furthest（指距离也只程度）

 

3．比较级的用法

(1)       用于修饰比较级的词：much, far, by far, still, even, no, any, a lot, a little, a bit, a great deal, rather, twice, two thirds等

Eg: You look even younger than before.

   The light travels much faster than the sound.

(2)       句型结构

①　比较级+than

Eg: He sang better than me.

②　比较级+and+比较级

Eg: He drove more and more carefully.

③　the+比较级..., the +比较级

    Eg: The harder you practice, the better you’ll learn.

 

4．最高级的用法

句型结构：“the +副词最高级+表示范围的词组或从句”，最高级前的定冠词the可省略。

Eg: Leo runs (the) fastest in his class.

   Fiat plays basketball (the) best of the boys.

 

易错考点

(1)                 too much和much too

①　too much表示“太多”，修饰不可数名词或动词

Eg: Don’t eat too much.

   There are too much water on the floor.

②　much too表示“太，非常”，修饰形容词或副词

   Eg: He was much too hungry so that he ate 5 hamburgers.

      It snowed much too heavily yesterday.

(2)                 enough的位置

①　enough作副词时，置于被修饰的形容词或副词之后

    Eg: If you’re good enough , you will be praised.

②　enough作形容词时，置于被修饰的名词之前