内容正文:
A guide to word formation
构词法
Why do we learn word formation ?
Because it creates a sea of words.
……
木---杨、榕、桂、杉
钅---铁、钉、钱、银
讠---说、话、讲、谈
In Chinese,
In English,
构词法
派生法(Derivation)
合成法(Compounding)
转化法(Conversion)
缩略法(Abbreviation)
adding a prefix or suffix
changing the part of speech
combining two or more words
shortening some words
派生法(Derivation)
Prefix
前缀
Root
词根
Suffix
后缀
Derivation(派生)
a new word
unbelievable
able
un
词根 root
前缀 prefix
后缀 suffix
7
What prefixes and suffixes have we learnt?
un-
否定前缀
dis-
in-
im-
mis-
non-
understand
polite
smoker
agree
fair
visible
前缀 含义 例词
rewrite;remarry,rethink
ex-husband; ex-lover
foreword(前言); forethought(先见)
post-reading; post-election;
post-war
pre-reading, pre-prepared, pre-adolescent
midnight, midsummer, midautumn
前缀 含义 例词
re- rewrite;remarry,rethink
ex- ex-husband; ex-lover
fore foreword(前言); forethought(先见)
post post-reading; post-election;
post-war
pre- pre-reading, pre-prepared, pre-adolescent
mid- midnight, midsummer, midautumn
time and order
again, back
former
before
after
before
middle
前缀 含义 例词
trans translate,transport
inter- international; internet
ex- export, exit
fore forehead, forearm, foreleg
under underground, underline
in,im- inside, import
from one place to another
between,among
out
front part of
below
Locative
前缀 含义 例词
mono monologue(独白),
bi- bicycle,bilateral(双边的,双方的)
tri- triangle(三角形), tricolor
semi- semicircle(半圆); semifinal(半决赛);
multi- multi-national; multi-media; multi-cultural
Number
one
two
three
half
many
前缀 含义 例词
mini- mini-bus; mini-bike;mini-camera
over- over-anxious; over-active;over-confident
extra- extra-solar; extra-curriculum;
micro- microfilm; microcomputer
super- supermarket; superpower, superman,
little
excessive过于
(beyond
超出范围...以外)
very small
more than, beyond
Degree or Size
2.suffixes
Noun
后缀 例词
+er teacher, worker, reader,farmer, writer
+or doctor, visitor, actor, inventor
+ess actress, hostess