内容正文:
考点11 现在分词(核心考点精讲精练)
1. 三年真题考点分布
考点
题型
现在分词
语法填空
2023
试卷类型
现在分词
考点
2023·新高考Ⅰ卷
wanting
现在分词作宾补
2023·新高考Ⅱ卷
visiting
现在分词作定语
2023·全国乙卷
Having visited
现在分词作状语
2023·全国甲卷
borrowing
现在分词作状语
2022
2022·新高考I卷
Covering
现在分词作状语
2022·全国甲卷
planning
现在分词作状语
2022·全国高考乙卷
inviting
现在分词作状语
2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷
falling
现在分词作定语
2021
2021新课标II卷
thinking
现在分词作状语
2021浙江卷1月
living
现在分词作定语
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于现在分词的考查共计10次,主要考查:
1.现在分词作状语;
2.现在分词作定语;
3. 现在分词作宾补;
4. 现在分词的各种形式及其意义。
【备考策略】系统归类现在分词的用法,尤其是现在分词作定语和状语;熟练掌握现在分词的各种形式的意义和用法。
【命题预测】
语法填空对现在分词的考查仍然会成为高考的重点,主要集中考查现在分词作定语和状语。
一、现在分词形式
1. 一般式 (1)主动式 doing (2) 被动式 being done
2. 完成式 (1)主动式 having done (2) 被动式 having been done
当非谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时,就用完成式。
当非谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动作之后时,或与主句谓语动作同时发生时,就用一般式。
二、何时用现在分词?
1.vt. (及物动词)后有宾语时,非谓语动词用doing.
2.vi.(不及物动词)非谓语动词用doing.
3.vi.+介词+宾语时,非谓语动词用doing.
重难点知识:
考点1 现在分词作状语
1.(2023·全国乙卷 语法填空)66. (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new,and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
2.(2023·全国甲卷 语法填空)Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
【方法指导】
1.作状语的分词要求其逻辑主语与句子的主语保持一致。
2.如句子的主语是分词动作的发出者,就用现在分词形式(doing)。
3.若现在分词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,则用现在分词的完成形式(having done)。
4.若与句中主语为逻辑上的动宾关系,且先于谓语动词动作发生,用现在分词完成式的被动形式(having been done)。
5.独立成分作状语
【时间状语】
1.(2023·江苏省泰州中学调研)It’s useful to be able to make snow when nature doesn’t provide enough. But artificial snow is surely not the same as natural snow, which has more air and less water. An athlete used to natural snow might have to adjust their style when ________ (perform) on man-made snow.
【伴随状语】