内容正文:
2023届高三英语一轮复习语法教学案
专题七:短文改错精讲 执笔人:李雨欣
1、 考查目标
短文改错主要考查考生的语言基本功、在语篇中综合运用英语的准确性及语言观察能力与评价能力。它集语法知识和语言技能为-体,考查内容涉及词汇、语法、句型结构及对行文逻辑的判断和综合辨析。
二、题型特点
1. 文体多为篇幅为100词的记叙文或说明文。
2. 文章共有十次错误(一增一删八改)。
2、 解题步骤
1. 通读文章,找出显眼基本的错误。(通常出现4处)。
2. 把握文章的叙事时态。
3. 开始分句阅读,逐句改错。(每个句号之前通常为一句话,通常每句话都会出现错误,尤其是复杂的从句时)。
4. 如果没有找出所有错误,则需要复读精读一遍。
3、 解题思路方向
(1)行文逻辑错误
解题大方向 (2)词法错误
(3) 句法错误
1) 行文逻辑错误
判断此类错误不能只从某个词本身出发,要联系上下文语境,乃至整个语篇去分析。这就要求考生必须弄懂文章的含义以及内在的行文逻辑关系。
[例1] Hi, everyone! First, let me tell you more about myself.
[解析]根据语境,本句话描述是文章的开头部分,并没有比较的含义,所以应去掉more。
[例2] I' II never forget the first day on the farm. We arrived here early in the morning.
[解析]根据行文逻辑关系,这两句话描述的是过去发生的事,而且 主语we现在不在农场,因此改here为there.
2) 词法错误
1. 动词(谓语动词和非谓语动词)
谓语动词→时态and语态
[例1] When | hear the doorbell this morning, | stood up quickly...
[解析]从this morning可知,本句话描述过去时,故hear改为heard。
[例2] The bike outside the room is belonged to Tom
[解析]短语belong to既无被动也无进行时,所以应去掉is。.
非谓语动词→现在和过去分词的相互转化、不定式、被动语态
[例1] They were made do the job from morning till night.
[解析]结构make sb. do sth.在被动语态中应为sb. be made to do.所以本句中do前应加to。
[例2] The teacher finally kept her students informing of the total scores.
[解析]动词inform的用法为inform sb. of sth.所以sb和inform是被动关系,故应把informing
[例3] I had nothing to do but to wait for them outside.
[解析] have nothing to do but do sth.是固定句型,故去掉but后的to。
2. 名词→单复数、名词的所有格、可数或者不可数
[例1] The professor gave us a lot of useful advices.
[解析] advice是不可数名词,故改为advice。
[例2] The next day he came to borrow a book of my father.
[解析] my father应用名词所有格my father' s。
3. 形容词、副词错用or比较级和最高级
[例1] What he said sounded quite perfectly.
[解析] sound为系动词,后跟形容词作表语,应把perfectly改为perfect.
[例3] Teachers should receive further education to catch up with the later development.
[解析]根据语义,later应改为latest, the latest development (最新的发展)。
[例3] Teachers should receive further education to catch up with the later development.
4. 冠词→缺漏、多用
[例1] My uncle is in the charge of the company.
[解析]去掉charge前的the, in charge of意为”负责,管理”, in the charge of意为...负责..