12 主谓一致-2023年暑假新高一英语初高中衔接知识抢先学(通用版)

12主谓一致 一、语法一致 语法一致：就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。 1. 　单数n.，不可数n.,　不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数。 ☛His father is working on the farm. ☛ Time is money. ☛ To finish all the work on time is impossible. ☛Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. ☛The children are in the classroom 2 hours ago. ◆由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多用单数但如果表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的 并列结构时，谓语动词用复数。 　 ☛What I bought were 3 English books. ☛What I say and do are helpful to you. 2. 由and 或both...and 连接起来的合成主语后面谓语动词用复数。 　 ☛Lucy and Lily are twins. ☛She and I are friends. ☛Both she and he are Young Pioneers. ◆如果and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就用单数。 ☛The writer and artist has come. ◆由and 连接的并列单数主语前分别有each, every, no more than a(an), many a(an)修饰时，谓语动词用单数。 　 ☛Every student and every teacher was in the room. ☛No boy and no girl likes it. 3. 主语后面有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语时，谓语动词的单复数由主语的单复数决定。 ☛Mr Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. ☛Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.　 ☛She, like you and Tom, is very tall. 4. either, neither, each, every或no+单数neither/neither/none of ＋复数名词，还有some, any, no, every 构成的复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 　☛Each of us has a new book. ☛Everything around us is matter. 　☛Neither of the texts is interesting. None of us has been to South Africa. 5. 定语从句中，关系代词that, which, who 作主语时，谓语动词的数和先行词一致。 　☛He is one of my students who are working hard. ☛He is the only one of my friends who is working hard. 6. 集体名词family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等，指整体时，用单数；指集体的成员时，用复数。 ☛His family is a happy one. 　☛The whole family are watching TV. 　☛The population of China is 1400 million.(人口) 　☛One third of the population here are workers.(人) ◆people, cattle, police作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 7. 由a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of ＋名词，或者是分数/百分数＋名词构成的短语作主 语，谓语动词的数由名词的单复数决定。 ☛The rest of the lecture is wonderful. ☛A lot of time is wasted. ☛A