第11练 Unit 5 Grammar语法 定语从句之关系副词（必修第一册）-2023年【暑假分层作业】高一英语（人教版2019）

第11练 定语从句之关系副词 定语从句的关系副词 当先行词在定语从句中作状语时（定语从句完整），通常要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词有where, when和why。 关系词 先行词 充当从句成分 关系副词 when 时间 时间状语 where 地点 地点状语 why 原因 原因状语 1. 关系副词when引导的定语从句 关系副词when引导定语从句时, 先行词应是表示时间的名词, 如time, day, hour, year等。关系副词在从句中作时间状语。 *(2019·江苏高考)We have entered into an age when dreams have the best chance of coming true. 【名师点津】when/which/that引导定语从句表时间 when是关系副词, 在从句中只能作状语, 而不能作宾语或主语。关系词如果在从句中作主语或宾语要用关系代词which或that。 ①Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night? 你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗? (when在从句中作状语) ②Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm? 你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗? (that或which作spent的宾语) 2. 关系副词where引导的定语从句 关系副词where引导定语从句时, 先行词应是表示地点的名词, 如place, factory, house, village等或抽象地点的名词point, situation, condition, stage和case等。关系副词在从句中作地点状语。 *(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot where it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 由于月球的身体阻碍了与探测器的直接无线电通信, 中国首先必须将一颗卫星送入月球上方的轨道, 在那里它可以向航天器和地球发送信号。 注：where/which/that引导定语从句表地点 若表示地点的先行词在从句中作地点状语, 用where来引导定语从句, 若作主语或宾语时, 应用which或that来引导定语从句。 *This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago. 这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。(定语从句中缺少主语, 所以用which/that, 不用where) *The school (which/that)we visited yesterday is newly built. 我们昨天参观的那所学校是新建的。(关系代词which/that在从句中作宾语) 3. 关系副词why引导的定语从句 关系副词why引导定语从句时, 先行词常常为reason, 关系副词在从句中作原因状语。 *I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday. 我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。 注：why/which/that引导定语从句表原因 若先行词reason在从句中作原因状语, 用why来引导定语从句, 若其在从句中作主语或宾语, 应用that或which来引导定语从句。 ①I won’t listen to the reason that/which you have given us. ②The reason why/for which you failed, I think, was that you had not followed your mother’s advice. 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换。（when一般可用in which, on which, at which, during which等替代；where一般可用in which, on which, at which,等替代；why可用for which替代） ① The reason why/ f