内容正文:
简单句的基本句型
八年级备课组
He has lots of model cars.
She got up early this morning and she arrived on time.
Our teacher told us that the earth is round.
英语句子有长在短,有简有繁,从现象看,似乎千变万化,难以捉摸,但从实质看,可以发现其内在联系,找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
基本句型一: S+V (主+谓)
基本句型二: S+V+P (主+谓+表)
基本句型三: S+V+O (主+谓+宾)
基本句型四: S+V+o+O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)
基本句型五: S+V+O+C (主+谓+宾+宾补)
基本句型 一
S +V(主+谓)
eg. He runs fast.
此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词(Vi),后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
S Vi (不及物动词)
1. Time
2. The moon
3. The man
4. We all
5. Everybody
6. I
7. They
8. He
9.He
10.They flies.
rose.
cooked.
eat, and drink.
laughed.
woke.
talked (for half an hour).
walked (yesterday )
is playing
have gone
基本句型 二
S +V +P(主+系+表)
eg. He is honest.
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。系动词:
系动词(linking verbs)
1. 状态 be, seem
2. 保持 remain, stay, keep
3. 变化 go, become, get, grow, come, turn
4. 感官 look,sound,taste,smell,feel
例如:
She is a good docotor.
He keeps healthy by running every day.
The leaves turn yellow in autumn.
It tastes delicious.
基本句型 三
S +V +O(主+谓+宾)
eg. They watched the movie.
此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动(vt)。
S Vt(实义动词) O(宾语)
1. Who
2. She
3. He
8. He
5. They
6. Danny
7. I
4. He knows
laughs at
understands
made
ate
likes
want
said the answer?
her.
English.
cakes.
some apples.
donuts.
to have a cup of tea.
"Good morning."
基本句型 四
S +V +IO +DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)
eg. He gave me a ticket.
此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。
S V(及物) IO(多指人) DO(多指物)
1. She
2. She
3. He
4. He
5. I
6. I
7. I
8. He passed
cooked
brought
bought
showed
gave
told
showed him
her husband
you
her
him
him
me a new dress.
a delicious meal.
a dictionary.
nothing.
my pictures.