定语从句课件-2023届高三英语二轮复习

定语从句 1 What is the attribute? (什么是定语） a red apple a beautiful girl 形容词作定语 my friend his pen 代词作定语 a girl in red a man with glasses 介词短语作定语 apple tree shoe shop 名词作定语 什么是定语？ 定语就是用来修饰名词或者代词的成分 What is the attributive clause? (什么是定语从句） the handsome 修饰成分 the naughty boy The boy is Tom.（ 主句） The boy who is handsome is Tom. The boy who is naughty is Tom. 5 修饰一个名词或代词的单词或短语叫定语，如为一个句子则称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 定语从句的一般结构是： 主句+先行词+关系词+从句 定语从句的一般结构是： I know the boy who is sitting on the desk. 主句 定语从句 先行词 引导词 引导词有关系代词：who whom whose that which 关系副词：when where why 先行词：被修饰的成分,即名词或代词。 关系代词在定语从句中有三个作用： 1. 引导一个定语从句； 2.在从句中代替先行词； 3.在从句中担任某一句子成份。 1. The boy who is smiling is Tom. 2.The boy who has a round face is Tom. 3.The man who sits in front of me is Tom. 4.The man (whom) everyone likes is kind. 5.The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job. 6.The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk. 8 8.The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab. 9. This is the boy (whom) I sit behind. 10. This is the boy behind whom I sit. 11.She is the girl whose English is the best in our class. 12.A plane is a machine that can fly . 13.Here is the boy that damaged the vase . 7.The boy (whom) you want to talk to is in the lab. 注意： 1 关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都要充当句子成分。 2 当关系代词充当动词和介词的宾语时可省略，但如果介词提前的话，不可以用that,而且不可以省略。 3 定语从句中的谓语动词要和先行词保持一致 注意：one of +名词的复数 the only/the just/the very+one of+名词复数。 关系代词的功能： who 指人做主语 whom 指人作宾语 that 指人也指物，做主语也做宾语 which 指物，做主语也做宾语 whose 指人也指物，做定语，强调所属关系 when 指时间，做时间状语 where 指地点，做地点状语 why 指原因，做原因状语 例 1. The man __________ gave you the talk yesterday is our teacher. that/who 指人: that/who (主语) 那个站在树底下的女生是我同桌。 The girl who/that is standing under the tree is my deskmate. 那个曾经伤了我的自尊的男生在那边。 The boy who/that hurt my pride once is over there. 例2: The boy____________ the nurse is looking after is my friend. (w