应用文写作指导之道歉信讲义-2023届高三英语一轮复习

应用文写作指导之道歉信讲义 一、道歉信的重要用途(a letter of apology) “道歉”是生活中难免的行为，也是礼貌优雅的行为。正是因为“道歉”，我们可以化尴尬的时刻为暖心舒人的礼物, 正如名言所说：An apology is lovely perfume, which can transform the clumsiest moment into a gracious gift（道歉是一种可爱的香水，它能把最尴尬的时刻变成一份令人舒适的礼物）。道歉信，也是高考应用文中的重要一种。2016年全国卷III就是要求同学们写道歉信。——无论是基于生活的需要，还是出于备考的需要，我们都要掌握道歉信的写法。 二、“道歉信”的总体结构 通常情况下，道歉信包括四部分：表示歉意、说明原因、弥补方法和再表歉意。四部分可以写成三自然段，也就是把“说明原因”和“弥补方法”合在第二段里，当然，也可以将它们拆开，这样就形成四个自然段。道歉信的总体框架可参考下图。 三、“道歉信”各部分写什么 （一）第一段写什么？开门见山表歉意 (1) I’m sorry to say that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. (2) I am writing to express/convey my sincere/heartfelt apology to you for my being unable to travel with you. (3) I feel terribly sorry that I cannot go to Yunnan in July with you as planned. (4) I’m awfully sorry for the sudden change of plan and feel it a great pity to miss the opportunity. (5) I’m awfully sorry to tell you that I won’t be able to attend the lecture on the British literature this Sunday morning. Now I’m writing to express my deepest apology to you.  (6) I am excessively sorry to tell you that I have lost the book I borrowed from you. Now I'm expressing my deepest apology for my carelessness. 【注】有些情况下，如因为拒绝“别人盛意邀请”而致歉，我们可以首先表达一下谢意，然后再表达歉意。例如： (7)Thank you very much for inviting me to attend the “Chinese Culture Day” to be held at your school this Saturday. I have been looking forward to it. But now, I am sorry to say that I cannot go for it on time. （二）第二段写什么？ 1、先写主题句： (1) The reason is that + X.  (2) The reason why I will fail to go there for our appointment is that + X. (3) Here is the reason/thing. 2、再写解释句： (1) The reason is that my left foot was injured. I fell off my bike yesterday when I was on my way to school, and the doctor insisted that I should stay in bed for at least two weeks.  (2) The reason why I will fail to go there for our appointment is that I have to attend a family get-together tomorrow when my cousin Peter will return home from Beijing. (3) The reason why I didn’t finish the book repor