同位语从句教案-2023届高考英语一轮复习

2023届高三英语一轮复习语法教学案 专题四：同位语从句 执笔人：李雨欣 1、 同位语从句的定义和功能 同位语从句即重复说明同一个称谓或事件的从句。在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。 EG: （1） The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes. （2） I heard the news that our team had won． （3） I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message that he can't visit you this afternoon. （4） Our teacher gave us some advice how we(should)use the computer. （5） The news got about that he had won a car in the lottery. （6） The order soon came that all citizens should evacuate the village. （7） Report has it that the Smiths are leaving town. （8） The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 二、引导词 英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词that，whether，连接代词what，who。连接副词how,when,where等。（注：if不能引导同位语从句） 1) That 引导同位语从句that连接从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句。that不能省略，没有具体的意思，不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。（注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略） e.g.The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.（作idea的同位语） TIPS：在某些名词（如demand,wish,suggestion,resolution等）后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气 e.g.There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 2）whether （注：if不能引导同位语从句） e.g.The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor. 3） 连接代词what,who,whom,whose,which Eg：I have no idea what size shoes she wears. 4） 连接副词when,where,how,why Eg：We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. 5）先行词 TIPS：．定语从句的先行词是名词或代词；而同位语从句的先行词只能是名词，而且仅限于idea，plan，fact，theory，promise，hope，news，doubt，truth，information，suggestion，question， thought，belief，conclusion等少数名词。 例如： ①The boy who is playing football is my classmate．（先行词是名词 boy是具体名词，它不能用作同位语从句的先行词） ②Those who work hard will succeed．（先行词是代词those，代词不能用作同位语从句的先行词） ③The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody．（其先行词是名词fact，它同样可以用作定语从句的先行词，） ④The fact that you are talking about is important．（对fact的修饰，所以是定语从句） 由以上分析可见，同位语从句的先行词一定可以用作定语从句的先行词，但定语从句的先行词不一定能用作同位语从句的先行词。 2．when，where，why引导的定语从句的先行词一定分别是表示时间、地点和原因的名词，而三者引导的同位语从句的先行词则肯定不是表示时间、地点和原因的名词。 例如： ①I still remem