内容正文:
专题:动词分类
【常考知识清单一 动词的分类】
宾语
双宾语
复合宾语
及物动词+
不及动词
实义动词
系动词:be, seem, sound, turn, become等+表语
+doing
+done
be
done
been doing
have
do(does, did)
will, shall, would
助动词
情态动词:may, can, must, might, could,should,had better
动词种类
一、实义动词:能独立作谓语的动词。按其句法作用分为及物动词和不及物动词。
(一)及物动词:及物动词本身意义不完整,需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。
1.动词+宾语
(1)Would you please open the window?请打开窗户好吗?
(2)I like this film very much.我非常喜欢这部电影。
2.动词+宾语+宾补
(1)We call him Bill.我们叫他贝尔。
(2)I saw Tom play in the park yesterday. 昨天我看见Tom在公园玩。
(3)The students always keep their classroom clean. 学生们总是保持教室整洁。
【练习】
( )1. He always makes his family __________.
A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed
( )2.My watch doesn’t work. I have my brother _________ it.
A. repair B. repaired C. to repair D. repairing
( )3.I saw him _________when I crossed the playground.
A. playing basketball B. played basketball
C. to play basketball D. play the basketball
3.动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
(1)May I ask you a question?我可以问你一个问题吗?
(2)Please pass me the book. 请把那本书递给我。
常见带双宾语的动词有:
give, bring, buy, get, cook, leave, lend,
make, offer, pass, teach, tell, write, read,
(二)不及物动词:自身意思完整,无需接宾语。
(1)Horses run fast.马跑得快。
(2)They work in a factory.他们在工厂工作。
有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。
(1)We study English.(及物)
(2)We study hard.(不及物)
(3)Boys fly kites.男孩们放风筝。(及物)
(4)Birds can fly.鸟会飞。(不及物)
有些不及物动词与一些别的词搭配在一起构成短语动词,它的作用等于一个及物动词,要注意积累。
(1)动词+介词
Look at the blackboard. Listen to me carefully.
(2)动词+副词
He turned off the light when he left. 当他离天时,他把灯关了。
He picked it up and gave it to me. 他把它捡起来,并给了我。
注意:
代词作宾语时必须放在动词后,副词前。
(3)动词+副词+介词
Let’s go on with the work. 让我们继续这项工作吧!
He gets along well with his classmates. 他与他的同学相处地很好。
(4)动词+名词+介词
He takes pride in doing a job well. 他以做好工作而自豪。
Please pay attention to the phrases in the article. 请注意文章中的词组。
We can make good use of air. 我们可以充分利用空气。
注:这类词组的名词前可以加形容词作宾语。
二、系动词:
系动词本身没有词义,但不能单独作谓语,必须和表语一起构成谓语。
说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。
常见系动词有:
be, seem(似乎,好像),
become, get(成为,变得),turn(变得),
look(看上去),sound(听起来),smell(闻起来),tast