内容正文:
第04讲: 代词(思维导图+知识详解+专题过关)
2023年初升高英语暑假衔接精品课程(解析版)
思维导图
知识详解
1. 代词的定义
代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语,不定式,动词的-ing形式或句子的词。
二、人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的用法
代词的形式变化表
人称
数
主格
宾格
形容词性物主代词
名词性
物主代词
反身代词
第一人称
单数
I
me
my
mine
myself
复数
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
第二人称
单数
you
you
your
yours
yourself
复数
you
you
your
yours
yourselves
第三人称
单数
he
him
his
his
himself
she
her
her
hers
herself
it
it
its
its
itself
复数
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
② 用法区别
1.人称代词的用法
1. 人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语,宾格作宾语。如:
I like table tennis.(作主语)
Do you know him?(作宾语)
2. 人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如:
---Who is knocking at the door?
---It’s me.
3. 人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。如:
He is older than me.
He is older than I am.
2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词,可在句中作定语。如:
Our teacher is coming to see us.
This is her pencil-box.
3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词,在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。如:
Our school is here, and theirs is there.(作主语)
Is this English-book yours? (作表语)
I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? (作宾语)
4. 反身代词的用法
4.反身代词可以在句中作宾语,表语,同位语。
1. 作宾语。表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者,主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。
He called himself a writer.
Would you please express yourself in English?
2. 作表语。
I'll be myself soon.
The girl in the news is myself.
3. 作主语或宾语的同位语,表示亲自或本人。
I myself washed the clothes.(=I washed the clothes myself.)(作主语同位语)
You should ask the teacher himself.(作宾语同位语)
三种代词用法特别注意:
I. 人称代词的顺序:单数:你,她(他),我【you, she/he and I】;复数:我们,你们,他们【we, you, they】。
e.g:1. You, she and I are in the same school.你我他我们一个学校。
2. We, you and they are all from Beijing.大家都是北京人。
II. it的特殊用法:it除了指“事”或“物”以外,还常用于指时间、天气、距离、不知性别的人、形式主语和形式宾语等。
e.g: 1.It’s a rainy day today.今天是下雨天。
2.It is about ten minutes’ walk from here.从这里步行大概要十分钟。
3. ---Who is knocking at the door? 谁在敲门?
---It is Tom. 是汤姆
4.It is important to learn English.学习英语很重要
5.I think it important to keep healthy.保持健康很重要
三.疑问代词: what,which, who, whom, whose等
如:who 作主语,表语,宾语但不能放介词后Who wants to go with me?
whom who的宾格形式,作宾语To whom are you talking?
whose who的所有格