主谓一致 课件-2023届高三英语一轮复习

主谓一致 主谓一致 概念： 主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词要与主语在人称和数上保持一致，有四大原则分别是语法一致，意义一致，就近原则和就远原则。 名词的单复数 名词的单复数 一般规律：可数名词直接加s apples 特殊规律：以-s, -x, -sh, -ch结尾， 直接加es watch—watches 动词单复数的变化： 1. 一般的动词在词尾加---s. work—works, read----reads eg: She often reads books in the evening. 2. 以s,x,ch,sh,及辅音字母+o结尾的单词在词尾加---es. watch---watches,do----does. 名词的单复数(规则变化） 谓语动词用单数的情况： 1、不定式，动名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。 To learn English well takes effort. Serving people is my great happiness. 一.语法一致 名词的单复数(规则变化） 谓语动词用单数的情况： 2.主语从句做主语谓语动词用单数。 通常情况下，由what引导的主语从句放在句首时，其后的谓语动词，按语法一致的原则用单数。 eg:What she said is correct. What caused the accident is not clear. 名词的单复数(规则变化） 谓语动词用单数的情况： 3.不可数名词做主语谓语动词用单数。 eg:The milk is in the glass. 谓语动词用单数的情况： 4、one，every，each，one of，many a, no one, everyone, everybody, nobody, anybody, somebody, 做主语，或者修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Many a student fails to pass on the examination. Everybody is here. 谓语动词用单数的情况： 5. 当主语用and连接时，它表示单一的概念（指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数） The head master and professor likes (like) gardening. The knife and fork is (be) new. 1. 谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的意义决定。 集体名词: people(人们), police(警察), military(军队), cattle(家禽)，family, class, team(团队), enemy(敌人), government(政府), public(公众), party(政党), army(军队) 等如果视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数，如果就其成员来说, 谓语动词用复数。 The police are (be) running after the thieves. A team which is full of hope is (be) more likely to win. The team are (be) practicing hard on the playground. 二. 意义一致 2. 有些成套名词如trousers, glasses,socks, shoes等词作主语, 谓语动词用复数, 但若用a pair of , a kind of，a series of修饰时，谓语用单数。 The shoes are (be) very beautiful. A pair of shoes is (be) worn out. 二. 意义一致 3. 定语从句中的主谓一致： 定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数方面应该与其先行词保持一致。 I am not the one who is afraid of difficulty. Don't choose me, who am not fit for this job. 二. 意义一致 4. 单复数同形的名词做主语，如sheep，means（方法，手段）， works（工厂，作品），deer（鹿），fish（鱼）做主语，谓语动词的形式与实际意义一致。 Three fish are in the pool. One sheep is lying there. 二. 意义一致 5. 并列结构作主语，谓语用复数。 Reading and writing are important. Tom and Jerry are good friends. 二. 意义一致 6. 不定数量的词: all /some