内容正文:
完形填空(初高考点差异及衔接)
高中完形填空
题型特点
1. 通常一篇250词左右,夹叙夹议的文章中设空15或20个,首句不挖空;
2.考点层次可分为四类:单词层次,词组层次,句子层次与语篇层次,突出语篇的理解,突出文化背景;
3.干扰项设计严密,一般说来,四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴,干扰项填入后在语法上并不存在错误,有很大的迷惑作用。
常见失分
1.多数同学考试时担心时间紧,在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题.事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到15-18分钟。
切记:一定要用2-3分钟时间进行缺词阅读,弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空。
2.不注意积累答题技巧:
a.忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;
b.遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随选择。
技法1| 利用上下文暗示解题
在多数空白前后的上下文中,会出现或多或少的设空依据,就是所谓的“伏笔”或“暗示”。学生在阅读过程中会根据这些伏笔或暗示,或顺势对下文进行推测,或逆向对上文进行推导,心中往往能预判出答案,并且在阅读过程中对预判答案不断进行修正。
典例1 I'm an ambitious __40__, and when I started going through chemo (化疗), even though I'm a very 41.positive person, I lost my drive to write.
40.A.reader B.writer
C.editor D.doctor
[典例2] Speaking before groups did help him gain the 50.confidence he needed.By the time Dale was a senior,he had won every top honor in __51__.
51.A.horse-riding B.football
C.speech D.Farming
技法2| 利用语义逻辑关系解题
文章的段与段、句与句之间通常具有一定的语义关系,如:并列关系,转折关系,递进关系,因果关系,目的关系,解释关系等。完形填空经常会考查学生对文章中的这些语义关系的把握。因此,理清文章的语义关系是解题的关键。
[典例1] One day, while waiting to go in for 43.treatment,_I had one of Dr.Bernie's books in my hand.Another patient 44.noticed what I was reading and struck up a conversation with me __45__ he had one of his books with him as well.
45.A.while B.because
C.Although D.Providing
[典例2] He unfortunately 52.passed_away last year due to his cancer, __53__ he left a deep impression on me and gave me the 54.inspiration to pick up my pen again.
53.A.since B.but
C.so D.for
技法3| 利用词语习惯搭配解题
完形填空经常在文章中考查词语的习惯搭配,主要考查动词与名词、代词之间,动词、名词、形容词与介词之间的搭配。熟悉并掌握固定搭配是解题的重要手段。
[典例1] I __55__ to myself,“If he can do it, then so can I.”
55.A.promised B.swore
C.thought D.replied
[典例2] He tried __42__ the football team,but the coach turned him down for being too 43.light.
42.A.on B.for
C.in D.with
技法4| 利用词汇复现解题
完形填空的文章虽短,但却是一个意义完整、上下关联的语篇,所讨论的是同一主题,所以行文中的替代现象和词语重复是不可避免的。词汇的复现是指某一词以原词、指代词、同义词、反义词、概括词等出现在语篇中,句子通过这种复现得到了相互衔接。完形填空的某个空白处的答案可能就是上下文复现的相关词,据此可快速找出正确答案。
[典例1] “No,it's too long and it doesn't