定语从句解读课件-2023届高三英语一轮复习

定语从句 a touching film a film about a donkey ,two people and three meals in four seasons The film that I recommend is Return to Dust 一.识别定语从句 The little boy who is singing there can recite quite a number of poems. Do you know the man whose name is Messi ? 名词_____ 先行词：被定语从句修饰的对象 关系词：连接主从句，也可在从句中充当成分。   分类 关系词 指代对象 在从句中的作用 关 系 代 词 who 人 作主语、宾语 whom 人 作宾语、表语 whose 人或物 作定语 that 人或物 作主语、表语、宾语 which 物 作主语、宾语、表语、定语 as 人或物 作主语、宾语、表语 关系 副词 when 时间 作时间状语 where 地点 作地点状语 why 原因 作原因状语 2.定语从句的分类 1)限制性定语从句: People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行身体锻炼的人更长寿。(若把从句去掉,句子就失去意义) ;可省略关系词(that,who,which在从句中充当宾语时可以省略);只可以修饰先行词,不可以修饰主句或主句的一部分 (先行词通常是名词、代词或词组);翻译成“……的”。 2)非限制性定语从句: 不可用关系代词that或关系副词why来引导;关系词作宾语时不可省略;可修饰整个主句或主句的一部分;往往不译为“……的”。 例句 His daughter, who is in Boston, is coming here. 他女儿在波士顿,就要来这儿了。(若把从句去掉,句子完整) 定语从句三步曲： 第一找出先行词； 第二找出定语从句 第三看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能 （做主语、宾语或状语）； 结构：名词/代词（先行词）+关系代词/副词+定语从句 【考点剖析】 考点一：关系代词 考向1：关系代词基本用法 1. 指人时可以用who，也可用that。 1）The man who/that lives next to us is a policeman. 2）Do you know the girl who/that is in red? 2. 指物时可以用which，也可用that。 1) I like music that/which I can dance to. 2) What do you think of the movie that/which was shown last night? 活学活用：把下列句子改写成定语从句P30 注意： 1）that 和who 在句中做主语时不能省略，做宾语时可以省略。 I like music (that) I can dance to. He is the man (who) I met yesterday. 2）定语从句中谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致. I prefer movies that are scary. I like a sandwich that is really delicious. I love singers who are beautiful. I have a friend who plays sports. 3. Whose可以指人，也可以指物。whose 在定语从句中作定语。 1）She is a beautiful girl whose hair is brown. 2）There is a desk whose legs are broken. 难点：whose: 属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。 “whose + 名词 = the + 名词 + of which”。 N1 + whose +N2 = N1, the N2 of which   活学活用：P31 4. 关系代词做宾语时可以省略。 1) I like the book that/which/省略 my mother bought yesterday. 2) Do you know the girl who/whom/that/省略 we talked about just now? 定语从句 区别 例句 限制性定语从句中 名词前有such和the same修饰时， 关系代词用as,不能用which He is not such a fool as he looks. Don’t read such books