Unit 1 People of Achievement（Using Language阅读课件）（分层练习）- 2023-2024学年高二英语同步精品课堂（人教版2019选择性必修第一册）

Unit 1 People of Achievement（Using Language阅读课件）-2023-2024学年高二年级英语选择性必修一同步精品课堂（人教版）（分层练习） 一．阅读理解 A The Nobel Prize is considered one of the most recognizable and admirable awards possible, honoring people of the world for their outstanding achievements in different fields. Alfred Nobel was born in 1833 to a family of engineers in Stockholm, Sweden. Nobel as a young man studied with Nikolai Zinin, a well-known chemist. In 1850, he met Ascanio Sobrero, the inventor of nitroglycerin (炸药) in Paris. Interested in its unpredictable nature of exploding under pressure or heat, Nobel started to find a way to control it and make a usable explosive(炸药). In 1857 he applied for his first patent (专利), an English patent for a gas meter. After years of efforts, in 1867, at the age of 34, Nobel invented dynamite(炸药), which is much easier and safer to control than nitroglycerin. Dynamite was an immediate business success and it was patented in the US and the UK and was widely used in mining. During his lifetime, Nobel invented and patented various explosives. He built up his wealth from his 355 inventions, from which dynamite was the most important. When Alfred’s brother Ludwig died in 1888, a French newspaper mistakenly published Alfred’s obituary (讣告). Reading his own obituary, Nobel was disappointed to find out his public image(形象). The newspaper strongly blamed(责备) Nobel for inventing dynamite, giving him the nickname of “the merchant of death” and saying “Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became rich by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before, died yesterday.” To Alfred, this obituary was a warning. He spent his lifetime alone inventing things and was deeply concerned with how he would be remembered. This unfortunate event inspired him to make changes in his will(遗嘱), so as to improve his public image, and to be remembered for a good cause. In 1895, one year before his death, Nobel made the last will, saying clearly that his wealth would be used to create a series of pr