Units 5-8 语法专题 2022-2023学年牛津译林版英语八年级上册

8AUs5-8语法专题 情态动词may may和can一样属于情态动词,其后接动词原形,不能单独作谓语,必须和行为动词或系动词连用,无人称和数的变化。 1、 ①may表达可能性 用在肯定句或否定句中,一般不用于疑问句 例:The news may be true.=Maybe [Perhaps] the news is true. “may…” 表达“可能性”时其意思等于“maybe”或“perhaps”.,即“或许;也许”。 “might…”也一样可用于表达现在或将来的可能性,只是语气较为宛转或对可能性觉得较为不确定。 他可能是对的: He may be right. ②may表示的可能性比can小。may的否定形式是may not,表示可能性时,意为“可能不” 她可能不是医生: She may not be a doctor. 你可能对也可能不对: You may be right or may not be right. 【Tips】否定句中一般不用may not表示“不可能”,常用can’t表示。 他今晚不可能在家:He can’t be at home tonight. 2、“may”表达许可 (1)表示请求允许(即请求别人允许自己做某事),两者都可用,只是 might 表示的语气较委婉(但并不表示过去)。如: May I come round in the morning? 我早上来行吗? I wonder if I might use your phone. 不知可否用一下你的电话。 I’d like to ask a question if I may. 如果可以的话,我想提个问题。 (2)表示给予允许(即自己允许别人做某事),只用能 may而不能用might。如: You may stop now. 你现在可以停下来了。 You may leave when you’ve finished. 你做完以后就可以走。 You may not tell him this. 你不可以告诉他这件事。 注意,might 表示允许通常不表示过去,但是在间接引语(即宾语从句)中可以用作 may 的过去式来转述已给予的允许。如: 3、“may”表达祈愿句型 “May +主语+动词原形” May you succeed.=I hope [wish] you'll succeed.(祝你成功。) May God bless our country. (愿上帝保佑我们的国家。) ( ) 1.—Have you decided which senior high school to choose? —Not yet. I _ go to Moonlight School. A. must B. may C. need D. should ( ) 2. -Excuse me, when are we going to have a picnic? -I’m not sure. Ask our monitor, please. He _ know. A. need B. can C. may D. shall ( ) 3. 一Fifty dollars for such a T-shirt! You _ be joking! 一I’m serious. It’s made of silk. A. must B. need C. may D. can ( )4.Amy, I hear you’ve got many foreign coins,_ I have a look? A.May B.Must C. Should D. Need ( )5.Have you decided where to go for your summer vacation? Not yet. We_ go to Qingdao. A. May B.Must C. have to D. Need ( )6. If you _go, at least wait until the rain stops. A. can B. may C. must D. will 动词不定式与五种基本句型 概念:动词不定式由to+动词原形构成。这里的to是不定式的标志, 没有词义。不定式具有名词,形容词或副词的某些语法功能,又有动词的时态和语态特点及作用。可以做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语。 1. 作主语: To learn English well is important. To eat vegetables can help us keep healthy. △ 动词不定式作主语时,可以用动名词替换。 Learning English is important.