专题3 第1讲 并列句与状语从句（word教参）-【正禾一本通】2024高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（新教材新高考）

专题三 句式突破 第1讲　并列句与状语从句 【 一、并列句的4种类型 】 1．表并列、递进或顺承关系：and, both...and..., neither...nor..., not only...but also... The earth is one of the sun's planets, and the moon is our satellite. 地球是太阳系中的一颗行星，月亮是地球的卫星。 2．表转折、对比关系：but, yet, while The problem was a little hard, yet I was able to work it out. 这道题有点难，然而我却把它做出来了。 3．表选择关系：or, otherwise, or else, either...or..., not...but... Now you can either have a rest or go to the cinema. 现在你可以休息，也可以去看电影。 4．表因果关系：so, for (表“由于”，一般不放在句首) (2022·全国甲卷)Oceans are of quite significance to us humans，so I appeal to everyone to protect them. 海洋对我们人类来说非常重要，所以我呼吁每个人来保护它们。 【 二、并列句的两大句式 】 1. when“就在这时， 突然”，常用以下句式 ①sb be about to do/on the point of doing sth when...某人正要做某事，突然…… ②sb be doing sth when...某人正在做某事，突然…… ③sb had done sth when...某人刚做完某事，突然…… ①One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help. 当我们周五在收拾行李要去过周末时，我的女儿突然听到了呼救声。 ②She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. 昨天她刚完成家庭作业，妈妈就让她练习钢琴。 2．and与or/otherwise用于并列句 ①祈使句＋and＋陈述句(and表示顺承关系) ②祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句(or/otherwise表示转折关系) ①Find ways to praise your children often, and you'll find they will open their hearts to you. 设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他们乐意向你敞开心扉。 ②Hurry up, or/otherwise you will be late for class. 快点儿，否则你们上课就迟到了。 【 一、时间状语从句 】 1. when, while和as的用法 连词 含义及用法 when “当……时候”，可与延续性动词或短暂性动词连用；从句动作可以发生在主句动作之前、之后或与主句动作同时发生 while “当……时候”，一般只可与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时发生 as “一边……一边……”，常与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生 ①When you apply for a job, you must present your credentials. 当你申请工作时，你必须递交你的有关证书。 ②Mary made coffee while her guests were finishing their meal. 客人们就要吃完的时候，玛丽去煮咖啡了。 ③As he grew older, he became less active. 随着他逐渐长大，他变得不那么活泼了。 2．before与since的用法 (1)before表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没来得及……就……”。常用于以下句型： ①It will be＋一段时间＋before...多久之后才…… ②It won't be long before...不久之后就…… ③It was＋一段时间＋before... 过了多久才…… John thinks it won't be long before he is ready for his new job. 约翰认为不久他就能为他的新工作做好准备。 (2)since的用法