2023届高考英语语法分词结构课件

The Participles 分词 分词的主要用法 分词：现在分词(doing)和过去分词(done) 现在分词doing：主动、正在进行的动作 过去分词done：已经完成且被动的动作（vt.），或仅表示完成的动作（vi.） Kinds of the Participles The Present Participles (doing) ------ 主动和进行 The Past Participles (done) vt. ------ 被动并完成 vi. ------ 完成 boiling water ------ boiled water a developing country ---- a developed country a changing society -------- a changed society a moving train ------------ a written reply a rising sun ---------------- a risen sun boring --------------- bored puzzling ----------------- puzzled Functions of the Participles 作表语 作定语 作宾语补足语 作状语 1. 作表语 We are surprised at the surprising news. I am very interested in the interesting story. We are all tired of such a tiring question. 现在分词---- “令人…”，表示事物的性质特征 过去分词---- “（自己）感到…”，表示人的感受 interest, excite, surprise, please, disappoint, satisfy, tire, encourage… vt. 使某人感到… 现在分词与动名词作表语的区别 The football match was very exciting. My favorite sport is playing basketball. 现在分词作表语：具有形容词的性质，描述主语的状态和特征 动名词作表语：具有名词性质，表示主语的内容 2. 作定语 前置定语 （n.前） He rushed into the burning house. There are several fallen leaves on the ground. The police are hunting for the escaped prisoner. 后置定语（n.后） The computers ever produced are of good quality. This is one of the buildings built in the 1960s. The building being built there is the school library. 现在分词 ------ 主动和进行 过去分词 vt. ------ 被动并完成 vi. ------ 完成 being done: 正在进行的被动动作 done: 强调已经完成的动作或持续的被动状态 The problem being discussed now is very important. 正在讨论的问题 The problem discussed yesterday was very important. 昨天讨论过的问题 现在分词的被动式being done PK 过去分词done 分词作定语的位置 单个分词: 被修饰名词之前，前置定语 spoken English, exciting news 分词短语: 被修饰名词之后，后置定语 the language spoken in this country the boy standing there The students playing in the playground are my classmates. These plastic bottles used already can be recycled. There is something