Unit3 SectionⅢ-【精讲精练】2023-2024学年高中英语选择性必修第一册北师大版（教师用书）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar 限制性和非限制性定语从句 一、基本概念 定语从句，也叫关系从句、形容词性从句，通常跟在一个名词或代词后，对这个名词或代词进行修饰、限定或对词句进行补充、说明， 被修饰的词叫作先行词。定语从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。引导定语从句的关系代词有：that，who，whom，whose，which；关系副词有：when，where，why。 二、语法规则 (一)限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句，是对先行词从本质或特征上进行限制的一种定语从句，它所修饰的词代表一个(些)或一类特定的人或事、物。限制性定语从句与被修饰词之间的关系密切，对其起限定作用，因此不可缺少，否则会影响全句的意义。限制性定语从句前不用逗号。引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有：who，whom，that，which，whose；关系副词有：where，when，why。 The gift (that/which) I gave to her is a pet dog. 我给她的那份礼物是一只宠物狗。 (the gift在后面从句中相当于gave的宾语成分，所以关系代词that/which可以省略。) A man who is lazy can't learn much. 一个懒的人学不了多少东西。 (a man在后面从句中相当于主语成分，所以who不能省略。) They are the people whose houses were destroyed in the earthquake. 他们是房子在地震中被摧毁的那些人。 This is the place where/in which my father works. 这是我爸爸工作的地方。 She still remembered the days when/during which she was studying in China. 她仍然记得在中国学习的那一段日子。 Could you give me the reason why/for which you was late for school? 你能给我解释一下你为什么迟到吗？ [即学活用1] 单句语法填空 ①September 1st is the day when students go back to school after a summer vocation. ②I don't like the way that you treat animals. ③The reason why he won the first place in the competition is that not only did he follow the teacher's advice, but also he trained hard. ④(2021·全国乙卷)We had a woman patient who/that was recovering from a knee replacement operation. ⑤If you look at all sides of the situation，you'll find probably a solution which/that suits everyone. ⑥By opening a novel，I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. ⑦There are several reasons why school uniforms are a good idea.First of all，uniforms help the school look smart. ⑧He lives in the room whose door is broken. (二)非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句对被修饰词不能对其起限定作用，而是提供有用的补充。在口语中用停顿表示，在书面表达中用逗号与句子的其他部分分开，因此句中的关系代词不能省略。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有：who，whom，which，whose，as；关系副词有：where，when。 I gave her a gift，which is a pet dog. 我给了她一份礼物，是一只宠物狗。 (先行词为物，引导非限制性定语从句时，用which而不用that。) He didn't win the championship，w