2023年中考英语专项复习十三 复合句

专题十三 复合句 (1) 宾语从句 1. 定义 在主从复合句中充当宾语的从句称为宾语从句 2. 三要素 连接词,语序和时态 3. 宾语从句的语序:宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序 四、宾语从句中的引导词 在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有: 1. that本身无意义,只起连接作用,可省略 He said(that)Kate was good at swimming. 2. whether, if”是否”,不作句子成分,但不能省略。 He asked me if Miss Wei was a teacher. 3. 连接代词who, whose, what, which, whom 在从句中作一定的成分,如:主语, 宾语, 定语等。 I don’t know what they are going to do. 4.连接副词:when, where, how, why 等。 在从句中作状语 Could you tell me where you are from? 三、宾语从句的时态 1. 主句是一般现在时,从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。即:主现从任意 例句:The headmaster hopes everyone will have a wonderful future. 2. 主句是过去时态,从句须用过去时态的某种形式。即:主过从要过 例句:She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time. 3. 当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。 例句:The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound. 四、宾语从句否定转移 在复合句中,当主句主语为第一人称且主句谓语动词为think, believe, except, imagine, suppose等时, 从句表示否定意义时, 形式上应否定主句。 I don’t think he will come. 五.宾语从句的简化 宾语从句可以转化为“特殊疑问词+to do” He hopes that he will be back soon.=He hopes to be back soon. Can you tell me how I can get to the library?=Can you tell me how to get to the library? (二)定语从句 一、定语从句定义 在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 A nurse is a person who looks after patients. 关系词 先行词 2、 关系代词 关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose。 关系词 作用 先行词 例句 who 主语/宾语 人 This is the boy who often helps me. I happened to meet the professor (who/ whom) I got to know at a party in the shopping center yesterday. whom 宾语 人 The man whom you are waiting for has gone home. that 主语/宾语 人或物 This is the pen that writes well. The tallest player that plays football is from Fujian. which 主语/宾语 物 The river which is in front of my house is very clean. whose 定语 人 The room whose door is blue is mine. 三、关系副词 关系 作用 先行词 例句 when 状语 时间 I'1l never forget the day when I met you for the first time. where 状语 地点 This is the place where we have lived for 5 years. why 状语 原因 I don' t know the reason why he was late. 三.定语从句中的特殊用法 1.只能用that而不能用which的情况 (1) 先行词为all,much,something,everything,nothing,lit