不定式知识梳理-2024届高考英语一轮语法复习

不定式 不定式的形式 语态形式 时态形式 主动式 被动式 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing 完成进行式 to have been doing(不常用) （1） 不定式的一般式 不定式的一般式表示的动作通常时间性不强，与谓语动词表示的动作没有时间先后顺序 I’m pleased to see you here. I am expecting to hear from you. I would like you to stay over the weekend with me. (2) 不定式的完成式 不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，强调动作的先后顺序 I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long. She is said to have studied abroad last year. The boy pretended to have known the answer. (3) 不定式的进行式 不定式的进行式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时进行 Mary seems to be thinking deeply. The children pretended to be reading aloud when the teacher came in. I happened to be watching TV when she called. (4) 不定式的被动形式 不定式的被动式只有一般式和完成式 She asks to be treated equally. The radio needs to be repaired. The room seems to have been broken in. The telephone is considered to have been invented by Bell. 动词不定式的用法： 一、作主语 A.动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。（可由it作形式主语,而将真正的主语不定式后置。） 1. To point out the mistakes you have made is my chief purpose. 2.To become a slave is to give up one's freedom. 3.It is impossible for him to give up smoking. 4.To get there by air will take you only about two hours. =It will take you only about two hours to get there by air. B: It is +adj. + for sb to do sth. 5.对于学生们来说，理解这篇文章很容易。 It is easy for the students to understand this article. 6.对于一个十几岁的中学生来说，每天打3小时的电脑游戏将是非常有害的。 It will be very harmful for a teenager student to play computer games for 3 hours a day. C:It is +adj. of sb to do sth . 这些形容词是：kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, rude, polite, naughty . 7.你太愚蠢了借给那个骗子那么多钱。 It’s foolish of you to lend so much money to that cheat. 8.他这么年轻就辍学了实在太不明智。 It was unwise of him to drop out of school so young. 9.我妈妈今天提醒我带上一把雨伞，真是考虑的太周到了。看！下雨了。 It is very considerate of my mother to remind me to take an umbrella with me today .Look! it is raining. 二、作宾语 通常后接不定式作宾语的动词及短语总结： ask,arrange, choose,demand(要求), plan, ,intend, mean(计划), man