内容正文:
第01练 句子成分和基本句型
句子成分和基本句型的概念:
1. 句子的成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语和同位语。
(1) 主语:名词、代词主格、数词、动词不定式、动名词等
如:I have a stomachache. 我胃痛。
(2) 谓语:动词,一般位于主语之后
如:He put the book on the table.他把书放在桌上。
(3) 宾语:名词、代词宾格、数词、动词不定式、动名词等
如:I lost my school ID card. 我丢了校园卡。
(4)表语:在连系动词之后的形容词、名词、代词、动词不定式、介词短语等
如:My keys are in my schoolbag. 我的钥匙在书包里。
(5)定语:形容词、代词、数词、名词、动名词不定式、介词短语等
如:The white model plane is hers. 白色的飞机模型是她的。
(6)状语:副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和分词短语等
如:Sports star eats well. 运动明星吃得很好。
(7)宾语补足语:形容词、名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、分词等
如:The loud music makes me nervous.吵闹的音乐使我很紧张。
(8)同位语:名词、数词、代词或从句
如:Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。
(9)连系动词的种类:
① be动词类:am,is,are,was,were
② 表示变化类:become,get,turn
③ 感官动词类:look,sound,smell,taste,feel
④ 表示延续性的动词 :remain,stay,keep
2. 简单句的五种基本句型
英语句子按照结构来分,可以分为简单句,并列句和复合句。简单句是含有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)的句子。简单句有五种基本句型。
句子结构
例句
主语+谓语
(S+V)
The boy smiles
主语+谓语+宾语
(S+V+O)
I suggested taking a walk.
主语+连系动词+表语(S+V+P)
The story sounds interesting.
主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)
Timmy passed me a present.
主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+OC)
He found maths easy.
一、单项选择
1.What is the sentence pattern(句型)of the sentence “I had my first English class at senior high school.”?
A.S V O A B.S V O C.S V IO DO D.S V O C
2.What is the sentence pattern (句型) of the sentence “He told us a funny story.”?
A.S V A B.S V O C.S V IO DO D.S V O A
3.What is the sentence pattern(句型) of the sentence “I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful”?
A.S V A B.S V O C.S V IO DO D.S V O C
4.Features are written in an individual style, with extra detail and background.
A.状语 B.宾语补足语 C.主语 D.定语
5.请看句子判断划线部分属于哪种句型:
Mr. Green will give us a speech on how to learn English well.
A.S+V+O+A B.S+V+O C.S+V+O+C D.S+V+IO+DO
6.Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.
A.SVP B.SVO C.SP D.SVOC
7.He found his new job challenging. (判断句子结构类型)
A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+IO+DC D.S+V+O+C
8.Which of the following sentence follows the structure of “