Unit 2 Using language Grammar课件 2022-2023学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第四册

passive voice——被动语态 1. To achieve this, special VR headsets __________ (design) to allow the users to see in 3­D and hear the sound all around them. 2. She thought it was ridiculous to ________(offer)sympathy by a robot. 3. Such traditions during leap month ____________(keep) for a long time. 4. On discovering that Morrie ______________ (weaken) by a severe illness, Mitch starts visiting him at his house on Tuesday. are designed be offered have been kept is being weakened 5. However, with VR we are able to do things that could never ____________ (achieve) in real life. 6. A smile shows you are attentive to the issues ______________ (discuss), while looking away with your arms folded can indicate disinterest. be achieved being discussed 被动语态的构成是：助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词。 一、注意事项 1．“be＋过去分词”并非都是被动语态，系动词be, feel，seem，look等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，作表语用，构成系表结构，表示某种状态。 I'm interested in mathematics. He seems unsatisfied with his work. 2．英语中有一些短语常以被动形式呈现，但表示主动意义。 She is usually dressed in white. The boy was seated by the window. 3．“get＋过去分词”也表被动。 We got separated when we entered the hall. 4．某些情况用主动语态来表示被动含义。 (1)read, write, sell, wash, clean, wear, cook, lock, shut, dry, 等动词，用来说明主语的性质特征而不强调被执行者的动作时，用主动形式表达被动意义，且常与not，hardly，well，easily，badly，nicely等副词连用。 The door doesn't ________ (open) easily. Bikes of that kind ______ (sell) well. That kind of bikes _____ well. open sell sells (2)某些表示“发生”的动词(短语)，如happen, take place，occur，break out，burst out等没有被动语态，但其意义中包含被动概念。 The war ___________ (break) out in 1937. Heavy rains _________(occur) during a summer monsoon. 5．不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：fit, have, wish, cost, agree with, arrive at/in, consist of, succeed in, suffer from, take part in, walk into, belong to等。 This key just fits the lock. Your story agrees with what has already been heard. broke occurred 二、不定式的被动形式 动词不定式具有动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，还有时态和语态特征。当不定式的逻辑主语是其动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。 (一)不定式的被动形式的构成 形式 结构 意义 一般式 to be done 和谓语动词同时发生或在谓语动词之后发生 完成式 to have been done 发生在谓语动词之前 (二)用法 1．作主语 It's a