Unit 8 Lesson 1 Roots and Shoots 分词精讲课件-2022-2023学年高中英语北师大版（2019）必修第三册

分词精讲 participle 现在分词和过去分词 形式： 形式 意义 时间 主动 doing 主谓/ 主动 同时 having done 主谓/ 主动 之前 被动 being done 动宾/被动 同时 having been done 动宾/被动 之前 done 动宾/被动 完成的状态 现在分词强调动作正在进行，侧重于主动。 过去分词强调动作已经完成，侧重于被动 一、分词做定语 1、developing country 发展中国家 （正在发展的） developed country 发达国家（已发展完成的） 2、boiling water 沸水 （正在沸腾的水） boiled water 开水 （已烧开了的水） 3、falling leaves 正在飘落的树叶 fallen leaves 落叶 （已落下的树叶） 现在分词表示正在进行；过去分词表示已经完成。 单个单词要前置，如果是短语要后置： the dancing girl 在跳舞的女生 the girl dancing in the hall 在报告厅跳舞的女生 the sleeping beauty 睡美人 the beauty sleeping in the sea 睡在海里的美人 a boy swimming in the river 在河里游泳的男孩 a book written by Tom 由Tom 写的书籍 二、分词做表语 共同点：分词作表语时，它起着形容词的作用。 不同点：现在分词作表语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作的一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生； 而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。　 1、 The movie is so moving that I felt moved 2、 He became excited at the exciting news. 3、She got disappointed at the disappointing result. 三、分词做状语 ①逻辑主语与非谓语间为主动，用doing，表被动，用done. 1.My friend, Jack sat on his bed, ___________ (swing) his legs lightly2.___________ (direct) by the teacher, all the students have learned how to refer to the dictionary.3.There was a large crowd in the square, ___________ (protest) against the war.4.___________ (Compare) with the earth, the largest ocean does not seem big at all.5.___________ (compare) with that book, you will see this is more interesting.6.We stood by the river for a few moments, ___________ (admire) the view.7.Fans lined the road to the finishing line, ___________ (cheer) on the competitors. swinging Directed protesting Compared Comparing admiring cheering 三、分词做状语 ①逻辑主语与非谓语间为主动，用doing，表被动，用done. 8.___________ (order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now 9.___________（give）a wrong password, I couldn't log on to the system. 10.Dina, _________ (struggle) for months to find a job as a waitress, finally