2022届高三英语一轮复习语法第7讲主谓一致及谓语动词讲义

高中英语语法第7讲　主谓一致及谓语动词综合练习 1 　就近一致原则 (1)由or, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., not...but...等连接的名词(短语)或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数常与最邻近的主语保持一致。 Either you or one of your classmates is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 你或者你同学中的一位要去参加明天召开的会议。 (2)由there，here引起的主语不止一个时，谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。 There are three chairs, a desk and a computer in the room. 房间里有三把椅子、一张桌子和一台电脑。 2 　语法一致原则 (1)动名词(短语)、动词不定式(短语)、从句、不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。 Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day. 忙碌了一天之后，听音乐使我感到很放松。 [名师点津]　what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式，但如果从句表示复数意义，则谓语动词用复数形式。 What he says and does does not concern me. 他的言行与我无关。 What he says and does do not agree. 他的言行不一致。 (2)主语后跟with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than等连接的短语时，谓语动词的数要与连接词前面的主语保持一致。 The teacher as well as his students was very excited. 老师和学生们都非常激动。 [名师点津]　 (1)and, both...and...连接两个不同的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party. 那位歌舞演员将参加我们的晚会。 (2)定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中谓语动词的数要与先行词保持一致。 My friend showed me around the town, which was very attractive. 我的朋友带我参观了这个镇，这里非常迷人。 (3)“many a/more than one＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。each, every, no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使由and连接，谓语动词仍用单数形式。 Many a parent has had to go through this same painful process. 很多父母亲不得不经历同样的痛苦过程。 Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party to be held on Sunday. 每个男生和女生都希望参加周日举行的聚会。 (3)“the＋形容词”表示一类人或物，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 The sick have been cured and the lost have been found. 患病的人被治愈，同时失踪的人也被找到了。 (4)表示时间、距离、重量、金额等的复数名词或短语通常看作一个整体，谓语动词常用单数形式。 Two thousand miles is a long distance. 两千英里是一段很长的距离。 3 　意义一致原则 (1)集体名词作主语时，若被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若被看作构成集体的一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有：family, class, team, group, public, committee, government, audience 等。 The whole class were told to stay behind after school. 全班的学生被告知放学后留下。 (2)“分数/百分数/the majority＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义；all, some, half, most, the rest 等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。 About one third of the books were written by him. 这些书中