Unit 10 Section A 3 Grammar focus – 4c 课件2022-2023学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 10 I've had this bike for three years. Section A 3 Grammar focus - 4c Revision 现在完成时： Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 如：Have you read that story？你读过那个故事吗？（“读”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是：是否知道故事的内容。）    I have bought two apples． 我买了两个苹果。 （“买”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的结果是：拥有两个苹果。）  1. 现在完成时谓语构成 have /has + v 过去分词 助动词 否定 haven’t hasn’t 疑问 Have you…? Has he…? 常与下列时间状语连用：just , already, yet, ever, never, before, several times 2. 现在完成时动词可以表示开始于过去持续 到现在(也许还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态。 1) I have studied English since last year. 我从去年开始学习英语。 2) She has lived in Beijing for five years. 她住在北京已经五年了。 注意: come, go , leave, arrive, buy, lose, borrow, join, die, begin 和marry 等动词所表示的动作是一时的, 不能延 续的, 故不能与for …, since …等表示一段时间的状语连 用。不过, 这些词用于否定句则可以与表示持续的时间 状语连用,即动作的不发生是可以持续的。 3. 现在完成时把过去的动作和现在的结果联系起来， 一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身, 与现在 的结果无关。现在完成时与一般过去时在意义上 的区别举例如下： I have cleaned my room. (My room is clean now.) 我已经打扫过我的房间了。 I cleaned my room last week. (I did it in the past.) 我上周打扫了我的房间。 Father has gone to Wuhan. (He went to Wuhan and he is not here now.) 爸爸已经去武汉了。 They have bought a dictionary. (They bought a dictionary and they have it now.) 他们买了一本字典。 注意: 现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语 (如: yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when she came in 等)连用， 但可以和不明确指出时间的状语(如: already, yet, ever, never, sometimes, always, often, before, once, twice, recently, lately,so far等)连用； 也可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状语(如： today, this morning, this week, this year等)连用。 ( 1).for+表示一段时间的短语 ( 2).since+表示过去时间点的词语 ( 3).since+表示过去时间的时间状语从句 eg.I have been a teacher ______ 10 years. He has been at this school _______ 2014. We have learned 2,000 English words _______ we came to this school. for since since 现在完成时句中常见的时间状语 A.表示从过去一直持续到现在, 不能是具体 的过去时间。 ever just already yet e.g. Have you _____been to Japan? I have _____ finished my homework. I have finished my homework ______. I haven’t finished my hom