Unit 3 Back to the Past单元引入&课文译文（课件）-【优化探究】2022-2023学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册同步导学案（牛津译林版2020）

下页 上页 译林英语选择性必修第三册 四大发明是中国古代的科技创举，包括造纸术、印刷术、火药和指南针。这些伟大的发明影响并造福于全世界，推动了人类历史的前进。 The Four Great Inventions of ancient China are praised in Chinese culture for their historical significance and serve as symbols of Chinese advanced science and technology in ancient times.The Four Great Inventions are: Papermaking, Printing, Gunpowder and Compass. 下页 上页 译林英语选择性必修第三册 Papermaking Before the invention of paper, bones, tortoise shells, and bamboo slips were all used as writing surfaces.In 105 CE，Cai Lun of the Eastern Han Dynasty, invented paper from worn fishnet, bark and cloth.These raw materials could be easily found at a much lower cost so large quantities of paper could be produced.Later, the technique of papermaking was introduced to other parts of the world, such as the ROK, Japan and Europe. 下页 上页 译林英语选择性必修第三册 Printing Chinese people invented fixed­type engraved printing around 600 CE.During the Northern Song Dynasty, Bi Sheng invented moveable, reusable clay types after numerous tests.These types could be used again and again for different books. 下页 上页 译林英语选择性必修第三册 Gunpowder In Chinese，gunpowder is called huoyao, meaning flaming medicine.It was first invented inadvertently by alchemists while trying to make an elixir.It was a mixture of sulphur, saltpeter, and charcoal.In the 12th and 13th centuries, gunpowder spread to the Arab countries, then Greece, other European countries, and finally all over the world. 下页 上页 译林英语选择性必修第三册 Compass During the Warring States Period, a device called Si Nan became the forerunner (先驱) of the compass.In the 11th century, tiny needles made of magnetized steel were invented.One end of the needle points north while the other points south.The compass was created. 下页 上页 译林英语选择性必修第三册 $附录：Unit 3　Back to the past　课文译文 下页 上页 译林英语选择性必修第三册 [教材P30] 碧海远航 郑和 1405年夏，中国一位最伟大的探险家郑和从太仓起锚，开启了他的首次远航。一支由200多艘船只组成的船队在蓝色的大海上航行，船上有近2.8万人，场面十分壮观。规模更大的航海船队直到500年后才出现。据史料记载，郑和船队最大的船长逾140米，可知其造船技术之高超，工艺之独特。 下页 上页 译林英语选择性必修第三册 1405年到1433年期间，郑和代表明朝总