2022-2023学年初高中英语衔接 Part2 词法基础知识课件

PINK OCEAN 英语初高中衔接 Part2 词法基础知识 1 Teaching Objectives 1. Get students know the definition and classification of nouns and verbs. 2. Let students learn the changing rules of nouns and verbs. 3. Let students correctly use the changing rules of nouns and verbs. 4. Enhance students’ interest in English grammar learning. 什么是词性？ 词性指以词的特点作为划分词类的根据。 英语中有几种词性？ 1.名词 2.动词 3.代词 4.数词 5.冠词 6.形容词 7.副词 8.介词 9.连词 10.感叹词 名词 名词是指形容物体名称的词， 名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。 一、可数名词 1.定义：可数名词是可以用来计数的名词，可数名词有单数和复数的形式。 2.可数名词单数变为复数的规则变化： (1)一般情况下加s 如: girls students (2)以s x sh ch结尾加es 如：buses boxes dishes watches (3)以o结尾有生命加es,无生命加s 如: tomatoes heroes pianos (4)以f或fe 结尾，f或 fe 变v+es 如: life-lives wife-wives (5)以辅音字母+y结尾 y变i+es 如: lady-ladies country-countries 以元音字母+y结尾 直接加s 如: boy-boys toy-toys way-ways (6)单复同形。中日鹿鱼羊 如: Chinese Japanese deer fish sheep Exercise 1: match_______ wish______ photo_____ fox_____ tomato________ city_____ friend_____ day_____ Exercise 2: 1. I have two________.(knife) 2. There are many ______ here. (box) 3. There are many_____ on the road. (bus) 4. A few_____ are drawing on the wall.(boy) matches wishes photos foxes tomatoes cities friends days knives boxes buses boys 口诀：三加二变一特殊 三加： 一般情况下直接在词尾+s s, x, ch, sh结尾+es 元音+y结尾直接+s 二变： 辅音+y 要y变i,再来一个es f,fe结尾有脾气,需把他们变成v,还要带上es 一特殊： 以o结尾有脾气,有生命则带es,无生命只加个s。 3.不规则变化 (1) -man变为-men man-men woman-women (2) -oo 变为-ee foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese(鹅) (3) 其他 ox-oxen(公牛) child-children mouse-mice 二、不可数名词 一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。 ①a bag of rice—— two bags of rice, ②a piece of paper—— three pieces of paper ③a bottle of milk ——five bottles of milk 常见的一些不可数名词： advice, furniture, clothing, equipment, homework, knowledge, information, paper, work, evidence Exercise 3: 请用括号中名词的正确形式填空 1. Look at those __________. (child) 2. I can see a __________ standing near the door. (policeman) 3. Do you want some ________ for dinner? (potato) 4. I have some __________ you may be abl