被动语态中主动形式表示被动意义讲解讲义 2022-2023学年初高中英语衔接课程

被动语态中主动形式表被动意义讲解及练习 主动形式表被动意义讲解 1. 在need, want, require, deserve等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其意义相当于动词不定式的被动形式 E.g. The way we read need changing. = to be changed These young trees require looking after carefully. = to be looked after I think your suggestion deserves considering. = to be considered These words wants explaining once more. = to be explained 2. 形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义 E.g. Many classic works are worth reading. 3. 在某些“形容词+不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义 E.g. These classic works may be difficult to understand. 4. 在too… to…结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义 E.g. These classic works may even be too expensive for us to buy. 5. 在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常用来表被动；如：rent, blame, let等。 E.g.The taxi is to rent. The house is to lent. The policy is partly to blame for causing the worst unemployment in Europe. 6. 某些可以和well, badly, easily, smoothly 等副词连用的不及物动词。如 read, write, wash, clean, draw, burn, cook, sell, lock, open, shut, tear 且主语是非生命的名词或代词，用主动结构表被动意思，多用来说明主语的特征、性质或所处的状态等 E.g. This kind of book sells well. The pen writes smoothly. The cloth washes well. The poem reads smoothly. The table doesn’t clean easily. This kind of rice cooks more easily than that kind. That door shuts well. 7. 半系动词在系表结构中用主动形式表被动意思。常见的有: look, sound,smell, taste, feel prove, remain 等 E.g. What you said sounds reasonable. The soup smells delicious. The food tastes good. The news proved quite false. She remains silent. This cloth feels soft. 8. 一些动词和词组不能用于被动语态，常使用主动形式表被动含义 take place, happen, break out, belong to, come out,come about, go up, go out, grow up, consist of, add up to，come into being;come into use, give out (用完，停止运转)，come true，run out, turn up 等 E.g. Great changes have taken place on our hometown. Many tall buildings have been set up. Covid-19 broke out in 2019. He doesn’t possess a computer; this one he uses belongs to his brother. 同步练习 一、单句语法填空（每空至多三