2023年中考英语复习-常见介词和动词的辨析课件

常用介词/动词的辨析 表示“原因”的for, because of, due to, thanks to辨析 be made of, be made from, be made in和be made by辨析 call at, call on和call for辨析 arrive in和arrive at辨析 be famous as 和be famous for的区别 by the way, on the/one's way, in the/one's way和in a way辨析 注意：复数名词或不可数名词前有many, few, much, little修饰时，只能用so，而不能用such，这是一种固定用法。例如： so many books这么多书；so much money那么多钱 used to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事，现在不再做了。 My mother used to go to work by subway. 我妈妈过去常常乘地铁去上班。 She used to be very shy. 她过去很害羞。 be used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”。be used to do sth.表示“(某物)被用来做某事”。 He is an experienced driver and he is used to driving in bad weather. 他是一位有经验的驾驶员，习惯于在恶劣的天气情况下开车。 A knife can be used to cut things. 刀可用来切东西。 be made in, be made of/from, be made up of的区别 (1) be made in表示“在某地制造”，后面加地点。 I like to buy things which are made in China. 我喜欢买中国产的东西。( 2) be made of, （2）be made from都表示“由……做成”。 be made of表示可以看出原材料， be made from表示不能看出原材料。 This salad is made of apples and strawberries. 这种沙拉是由苹果和草莓做的。(看得出原材料) The wine is made from grapes. 这酒是用葡萄酿的。(看不出来葡萄) be made up of意为“由……组成（构成）”，强调由部分组成整体，可用于人或物。 Our school is made up of 800 students and teachers. 我们学校由800名师生组成。 1. cost, take, spend, pay和pay for 几个词都有“花费”的意思。cost的主语是物；pay, pay for, spend的主语是人；take的主语通常是it，且常指花费时间。 (1) take表示“花费”时，主语一般是“一件事”，有时主语也可以是人。 It takes me thirty minutes to go to work. 去上班花费我半小时的时间。 ( 2) spend的主语必须是“人”，宾语可以是钱、精力、时间等，其后用“on(for)+名词”或用“in(可省略)+动名词”形式，不可接不定式。 I spent thirty yuan on this book. 这本书花了我三十元钱。 Every morning he spends half an hour on English. 每天早晨他用半小时读英语。 = Every morning he spends half an hour (in) reading English. (3) cost的主语必须是“物”或“事”，表示“花费，耗费”。 This book cost me thirty yuan. 这本书花了我三十元钱。 (4) pay的基本意思是“支付”，作为及物动词，宾语可以是“人”或“钱”。 Would you mind paying the taxi driver? 您付出租车费好吗？ (5) pay for的宾语为“物”或“事”，for表示支付的原因。 I paid thirty yuan for this book. 这本书花了我三十元钱。 Don't worry about money. I'll pay for you. 别担心钱，我会替你付的。 3. receive和accept receive意为“收到，接到”，指接收的动作，表示客观事实。 accept意为“接受，领受”，表示当事人的态度。 I received a present yesterday