新概念英语第三册重点语法：非谓语动词课件

非谓语动词 非谓语动词 动词不定式 to do 动词-ed 过去分词 动词 -ing 现在分词 -ing 动名词 1. 谓语动词：在在句子中担任谓语的动词 2. 非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分 非谓语动词使用条件： 一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词），又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。 She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. 概述 动词不定式 to do 一、基本构成：由不定式符号to加动词原形构成。其否定式由not+不定式构成 肯定式：to do sth 否定式：not to do sth. 被动式：to be done 完成式：to have done 二、动词不定式的句法作用法 动词不定式有副词，形容词和名词的特征，因此在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语定语、状语等成份。 动词不定式 To do that sort of thing is foolish。 I want to see you this evening All you have to do is to finish it quickly. We found a house to live in. She came here to study English. I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补 (1)作主语 不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。 To see is to believe． Not to get there in time is your fault. 注：常用it做形式主语，将to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。 句型1：It + 谓语 + to do It takes us an hour to get there by bus. 句型2：It’s + n. + to do It’s our duty to help the poor. It is a great enjoyment to spend our holiday in the mountains. 句型3：It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth. It is + adj + for sb to do sth （用来形容人的品质的 ） （用来形容事物的性质的 ） It is easy for me to finish this work before ten. It is a great honor for us to be present at your birthday party. It is + adj + of sb to do sth It is very kind of you to give me some help. It's impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that. (2)作宾语 I want to know this matter. I don’t expect to meet you here. 1) 接不定式做宾语 1. They wanted ( get ) on the bus, didn’t they? 2. He said he wished ( be ) a professor. 3. I agreed ( go ) there with the doctor. 4. My daughter preferred ( dance ) when she was in her twenties. 5. He had promised ( give ) me a hand. to get to be to go to dance to give 2) 常跟疑问词+不定式作宾语的动词: tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, explain… know, show, discover, see(understand)