2023届高考英语非谓语动词讲解讲义

to do ①形式主语句型 it`s adj.(+for sb.)+to do adj.修饰to do it`s adj.(+of sb.)+to do adj.修饰sb. ②形式宾语句型 sb. think/find/believe/suppose/sonsider/make it+adj.+to do ③作宾语 ※v.+to do manage/want/prefer/claim/fail/offer/afford/refuse/decide/desire/plan/choose/learn/pretend/tend/help/agree/promise…+to do ※v.短语+to do ④作宾补:v.+sb./sth.+to do encourage/invite/ask/want/order/advise/tell/help/persuade/force/wait/allow/admit/permit/cause…+sb. to do 注意:“三使五看两听一感觉”+sb.do(省略to的不定式) have/make/let/see/watch/look at/observe/notice/hear/listen to/feel +sb.do(动作全过程或习惯性动作) ⑤作定语 the ability/way to do 序数词/adj.最高级+to do 与修饰名词为动宾关系 e.g.food to eat/house to live in ⑥作状语 表目的:to do=in order to do/so as to do 表结果:only to do(却…)表示意料之外的结果 ⑦to do的省略 两个do相同的不定式,可省略第二个do e.g.I have decided to do what i want to. 两个不定式并列,可省略第二个to e.g.He wants to study medicine and become a doctor. ❤doing ①动词搭配 v.+doing enjoy/finish/avoid/mind/risk/appreciate/image/consider/delay/deny/forbid/practice/admit…+doing v.短语+doing be busy/be worth/fell like/can`t stand/can`t help…+doing ②介词搭配:prep.+doing 介词+doing(in/for/on/of/about/by/from…) 注意:to作介词的搭配 be/get used to/look forward to/object to/be opposed to/attention to/devote to/have access to/approach to…+doing/n. ③句型搭配 have/there be confidence/difficulty/problems/trouble (in)doing sth. There`s no good/sense/point/use/need/benefit(in) doing spend+time/money/精力+(in)doing sht./+on sth. 注:所有doing前可加其逻辑主语的one`s形式 ❤既可加to do又可加doing的动词区分 ❤独立成分 不受前后文影响的独立表达 2、意义用法: ❤做题步骤 找对象+确定关系 ①对象:非谓语的逻辑主语 ②关系:非谓语和逻辑主语的关系 ❤考查形式 ①分词作状语 没有连词的状语 非谓语前无主语,用主句的主语充当 ②独立主格结构 没有连词的主谓结构 (with/without)+主语(n./pron.) ③作特殊v.的宾补 “三使五看两听一感觉”+sb./sth. +do(动作全过程/习惯性动作) +doing(主动,进行) +done(被动,完成)