内容正文:
八年级现在完成时讲义
现在完成时
构成
__________________
含义
表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态,而且有可能继续延续。
句型变化
否定句
主语+have/has+not+动词过去分词(+其他)
一般疑问句
Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词… ?回答:Yes, I/they have. /No, I/they haven’t.
Yes, she he has. No, she he hasn’t.
用法
1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。如:—Have you had your lunch yet?
—Yes, I have. I’ve just had it.(现在我不饿了。)
时间状语:already, yet, just, ever, never, before
2. 表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始,一直延续到现在,而且可能还要继续下去。如:
I haven’t seen her these days.
I’ve known Bob for three years.
I’ve been at this school for over two years.
时间状语:since…, for…, How long
辨析
区别一般过去时与现在完成时:虽然两个时态都是表示过去时间发生的动作,但现在完成时强调这一动作与现在有关,表示对现在产生的影响或结果。而一般过去时只表示动作发生在过去,跟现在没有关系。如:辨析
I have already cleaned our classroom. 我已经打扫了我们的教室。(现在的教室很干净)
I cleaned our classroom just now. 刚才我打扫了我们教室。
句子中如有yesterday、last…、just now、in 1999等过去时间词时应用一般过去时。
Practice
1、 用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. —Where is my mom? She________(go) to Beijing.
2.—________ you ever ________(eat) chocolate sundaes (巧克力圣代)?
—No, never.
3.—Who ________ (write) the original songs?
—Liu Huan did.
4.Oh no! The last bus ________ (leave). What shall we do?
5.Have you ever ________ (hear) the strange story?
6.Sorry, I can’t lend you my e-dictionary. I __________ (lend) it to Mary.
7.Tom’s mother isn’t in. She ________ (go) to the supermarket.
8.Have you ever ________ (dream) of travelling to space?
9.There ________ (be) great changes to this place over the past 10 years.
10.—________ you ever ________ (travel) to Hainan?
—No.
三、完成句子
11.自那时起,这个小镇发生了很大的变化。
Since then, great changes ________ ________ ________ in this town.
12.你们成为朋友多长时间了?
How long ________ ________ ________ friends?
13.简已经写了许多非常受欢迎的关于孩子的书。
Jane ________ ________ many very popular books about children.
14.从那时起,我们就没见过彼此了。
From then on, ____________________________.
15.我姐姐已经把这本书读了许多次了。
My sister ________ _________ the book many times.
四、句型转换
16.They didn’t have lunch. (改为现在完成时)
___________________
17.Mrs. Green taught in the club five years ago. (用since five