2023年中考英语宾语从句讲解及专练

宾 语 从 句 定义：在复合句中，如果由一个句子充当的宾语，那么这个句子就叫宾语从句。 ☆宾语从句的引导词 1、 从属连词that 由that引导的宾语从句表示陈述意义。that此时无实际意义，不在从句中充当任何成分。在口语和非正式文体中that可以省略。 例：I think (that) he’ll return in an hour. I don’t think (that) there will be time to do it. 2、 从属连词if/whether 宾语从句为一般疑问句时，用whether/if引导，常用在ask,wonder,want to know,can you tell me等之后引导从句。whether/if在从句中不作成分，但有“是否”之义，不可省略。 例：I wonder if/whether he is a driver. I asked them whether/if they would win the match. 3、 疑问代词 宾语从句可由疑问代词what,who,whom,whose,which等引导，它们在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语等成分，不可省略。 例：Do you know who will give a report? I wonder what I should do next. I wonder whose this book is. I’m not sure which team will win the match. 4、 疑问副词 宾语从句可由when,where,why,how等引导，它们在从句中作状语，不可以省略。how构成的疑问词组也可以引导宾语从句，常见的有how old,how long,how often,how soon,how much等。 例：She wants to know how he comes here. Could yo tell me where we will have a meeting? ☆宾语从句的时态 1、 主句如果是现在时、将来时或祈使句时，从句可根据实际情况使用任何时态，不受主句影响。 例：I don’t know when he will come back. Do you know how Amy came to school this morning? 2、 主句如果用一般过去时，从句的时态一般要用相应的过去时态。 例：Kate said that there was a box under the desk. 3、 当从句说明的是客观真理或规律时，无论主句什么时态，从句均用一般现在时。 例：He told me that there are sixty minutes in an hour. ☆宾语从句的语序 宾语从句使用陈述句语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他”。即陈述句作宾语从句时，仍然用原陈述语序；疑问句作宾语从句时，原来的倒装语序要改为陈述语序。 例： Tom advised me that I should take more water. I don’t know how soon he will come back. ☆宾语从句的注意事项 1、 引导词只能用whether不能用if的情况 1. 与不定式连用时 例： They asked me whether to go skating. 2. 引导介词后宾语从句时 例：It depends on whether it will snow tomorrow. 3. 与or not连用时 例：I don’t know whether or not they will come. 4. 从句前置与句首时 例：Whether they can come here on time,we don’t know. 2、 引导词that不能省略的情况 1　 句中出现两个或两个以上由that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个从句的that可以省略，其余并列从句的that都要保留。 例：He said (that)the book was very interesting and that all the children like to read it. 2　 that从句中又有其他从句时 例：He told us that,if we could come to help out,the whole situation would be getting better. 3　 it作形式宾语代替that引导的宾