专题08 阅读理解说明文议论文20篇-2023年高考英语阅读理解满分攻略+名校模拟专项训练

2023年高考英语阅读理解满分攻略+名校模拟专项训练 专题08 阅读理解说明文+议论文20篇 原卷版 专家说考情 高考新考法 名师谈技法 高频必考点： 1.细节理解题 2.猜测词义题 3.推理判断题 4.标题概括题 2022年全国甲卷考查一道标题归纳题、一道文章大意题和一道段落大意题 22022年全国乙卷考查一道标题归纳题 2022年新高考全国I卷考查一道段落大意题2022年新高考全国II卷考查一道标题归纳题 1.标题概括题每年必考，难度最大 2.利用说明文“倒三角形”特点，紧扣首段和段首句 3.最佳标题的特点是概括性强，主题突出，体现关键词。 （2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈九中校考三模）For the first time, scientists have successfully grown plants in lunar soil brought back to Earth by NASA’s Apollo astronauts. Researchers had no idea if anything would sprout (发芽) in the harsh moon dirt and wanted to see if it could be used to grow food by the next generation of lunar explorers. “After two days, they started to sprout!” said Anna-Lisa Paul, a professor in Horticultural Sciences at the University of Florida, who took part in the experiment. “Everything sprouted. I can’t tell you how astonished we were! Every plant — whether in a lunar sample or in a control (参照实验) — looked the same up until about day six.” Robert Ferl of the University of Florida’s Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences and his colleagues planted thale cress (鼠耳芥) in moon soil returned by Apollo 11’s Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin, and other moon walkers. All of the seeds sprouted. But within a week, the coarseness (粗糙度) and other properties of the lunar soil stressed the small, flowering weeds so much that they grew more slowly than seedlings planted in dirt from Earth. Most of the moon plants ended up stunted (发育不良). The longer the soil was exposed to tough cosmic radiation and solar wind on the moon, the worse the plants seemed to do. The Apollo II samples—exposed a couple of billion years longer to the elements—were the least likely for plants to grow, scientists said. One solution might be to use younger geologic spots on the moon, like lava flows, for digging up planting soil. The environment also could be improved, changing the nutrient mixture or adjusting the artificial lighting. NASA said the timing for such an experiment was right, with the space agency looking to pu