【广州专版】专题05 阅读理解说明文（题型解读+期末专题过关）-2022-2023学年七年级英语下学期期末考点大串讲（沪教牛津版）

专题05 阅读理解说明文（题型解读+期末专题过关） 2022-2023学年七年级英语下学期期末考点大串讲（牛津深圳版）（原卷版） 【题型解读】 一．说明文文体特征： 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式用来说明事物，阐明事理的一种文体。它通过揭示概念来说明事物的特征、本质及其规律性，给人准确的科学知识或正确思想。一般可分为实体事物说明和抽象事物说明两大类，词典、教材、论文、实验报告、产品说明书、广告、解说词及科学小品等都属于说明文。 二．阅读说明文体裁的文章时应首先抓住下面的重要信息： A. 说明的对象 B. 说明对象的特征 C. 说明的方法（例证法；定义法；分类法；因果关系法；比较对照法；过程分析法） 三．解题技巧： 首先，通过观察首、尾段，抓关键句及归纳总结段落大意来确定文章说明对象、 其次，通过篇章、段落之间和句子之间的逻辑关系分析问题产生的原因以及针对问题提出的建议。 最后，通过作者的观点、建议、目的或者解决方案作为结论总结全文。 【专题过关】 1.（2022春·广东广州·天河区七年级统考期末）It’s natural for people to talk with each other in words. Can other living things too? What about animals? The answer is surprisingly “Yes”. Some animals can use sounds and body movements to talk, and some animals can even speak words! According to the news on the New York Times, a 22-year-old elephant in South Korea could “talk”, that is, he picked up some words from his human caretakers. And pet dogs or cats can, too. A quick search on the Internet will give you a lot of short videos of dogs saying “hello”, “I love you”, and even “I want my mommy.” Can trees talk too? Yes—but not in words. It may sound strange, but some trees really try to talk with each other in other ways. Willows（柳树）are the best-known of these trees. When insects begin biting a willow, the tree sends out a special smell a once. This smell tells the other willows that dangerous insects are coming near. All of them quickly make a chemical in their leaves. This chemical is bad for the insects. The insects do not like it and will fly away soon. In this way, the willows protect themselves from the insects. Next time when you take a walk in the forest, listen or watch carefully. Maybe the animals or trees are talking to each other in their own ways. Isn’t nature amazing? 1．How does the writer show the animals can talk in Paragraph 1? A．By showing numbers. B．By giving examples. C．By telling stories. D．By giving reasons. 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．The smell. B．The leaf. C．The chemical. D．The insect. 3．What is the main idea of this