内容正文:
简单句
在英语中,句子按使用的目的可分为四大类:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。
分类
例句
用途
陈述句
肯定句
I have a new dress.
描述意见、事情或者说明说话人的看法。
否定句
He doesn't do well in PE.
疑问句
一般疑问句
Are you in Grade 9?
用于提出问题。
特殊疑问句
When’s your birthday?
选择疑问句
Is your friend a boy or a girl?
反义疑问句
She is a doctor, isn’t she?
祈使句
肯定
Close the door, please.
表示命令、建议或者要求等。
否定
Don’t be late again.
感叹句
What a nice present!
How nice the present is!
表示惊讶、喜悦、赞美、厌恶等感情。
一、陈述句
(一)含有be动词的陈述句
1.She is a policewoman.(肯定句)
→ She is not(isn’t) a policewoman.(否定句)
2.She was a doctor.(肯定句)
→ She was not(wasn’t) a doctor.(否定句)
(二)含有情态动词或助动词的陈述句
1.You should go home now.(肯定句)
→ You shouldn’t go home now.(否定句)
2.He can run fast.(肯定句)
→ He can’t run fast.(否定句)
3.We will jog to school.(肯定句)
→ We will not(won’t) jog to school.(否定句)
4.We have finished the job.(肯定句)
→We have not(haven’t) finished the job. (否定句)
(三)含有行为动词的陈述句
1.Mike gets up earlier than David.(肯定句)
→ Mike does not(doesn't) get up earlier than David. (否定句)
2.I get up earlier than David.(肯定句)
→ I do not(don’t) get up earlier than David.(否定句)
3.I got up earlier than David.(肯定句)
→I did not(didn’t) get up earlier than David.(否定句)
总结:
肯定句变否定句步骤:
(1) 先找句子中是否有be动词,句子中含有be动词时,在be动词后加not;
(2) 无be动词再找是否有助动词/情态动词,句子中有助动词/情态动词,在助动词/情态动词后加not;
(3) 句子中无be动词或情态动词/助动词时,在句中的谓语动词前加助动词do/does/did not,原来的动词要变为原形。
二、疑问句
(一) 一般疑问句
一般疑问句:be动词,情态动词或助动词开头,需要做肯定或否定回答的疑问句
1.--Have you been to Guilin?
--Yes, I have. I went there last week.
2.--Do you mind my opening the window? It’s too hot.
--No, of course not. Go ahead.
(二) 特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序?
1.--How long have you been married?
--For three years.
2.--When did you get married?
--Three years ago.
3.--How soon will the project be finished?
--In two months.
(三) 选择疑问句
选择疑问句:一般疑问句/特殊疑问句,选择部分A or 选择部分B?
1. --Which do you want to drink, tea or coffee?
--Tea, please.
2. --Is your mother a teacher or a doctor?
--A teacher.
三、祈使句
(一)祈使句的定义
祈使句是用来发出命令、指示,或提出要求、建议和劝告的句子,表示的是说话者的情感和态度。祈使句的主语是第二人称,一般不表示出来,所以祈