2023年中考英语定语从句专项复习

定语从句 一、定语从句定义 在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 二、关系代词 关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose。 关系 作用 先行词 例句 who 主语/宾语 人 This is the boy who often helps me. I happened to meet the professor (who/ whom) I got to know at a party in the shopping center yesterday. whom 宾语 人 The man whom you are waiting for has gone home. that 主语/宾语 人或物 This is the pen that writes well. The tallest player that plays football is from Fujian. which 主语/宾语 物 The river which is in front of my house is very clean. whose 定语 人 The room whose door is blue is mine. Do you know the girl who is giving the speech? I like the songs that I can sing along with. I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the world. 关系代词的基本用法 1. 主谓一致 He is one of the boys who like playing basketball. He is the one of the boys who likes playing basketball. 2. that做宾语时可以省略，不可放在介词后作宾语。 which作宾语，可以省略。 who作宾语，可以省略。 whom作宾语可以省略（介词后不可以） 3. 通常在以下六种情况下只能用that而不能用which： （1）先行词为all，much，something，everything，nothing，little，none，the one等代词时。 That is all that I want to say. （2）先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that， 而不用which.。 He was the first person that passed the exam. This is the most wonderful film that I have seen. Look at the apples. You can see the two that you gave me. （3）以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，只能用that。 Who is the girl that is crying? （4）先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时。 This is the same bike that I lost. Mr. Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. （5）先行词里同时含有人或物时 We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited. I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. （6）先行词或关系代词作表语时 It’s a book that will help you a lot. （7）there be 句型中 There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 3. 关系词只能用which，而不用that的情况： （1）先行词为that， those时，用which，而不用that。 What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？ （2）关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that。 This