内容正文:
代 词
知识导图
1. 代词的考查, 对人称代词、物主代词及反身代词的考查尤为突出。题干以对话形式为主,词数在10到18词之间,应识记并灵活运用各种人称的不同变换形式。
2. 对于不定代词的考查也不容忽视,应熟练掌握neither, either, both something, anything, everything, nothing等的用法。
考查特点
人称代词指代人或物,分为主格和宾格。
主格在句中作主语;宾格在句中作宾语或表语等。
人称代词
She is a good student.
I don’t know him.
Her mother is waiting for her outside.
-- Who is there?
-- It’s me!
主语
宾语
宾语
表语
/ 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数
主格 I we you you he she it they
宾格 me us you you him her it them
主格&宾格
it的用法
1. 上文所提到的事物,指代“同名同物”。
注意:one用来指代“同名异物”,即前面出现的名词或名词短语所表示的事物,并不是特指同一个事物。
e.g. This is a watch. It is new.
2. 指时间、天气、距离等。
e.g. — How’s the weather today?
— It’s sunny.
It’s eight o’clock in the evening.
3. 代替指示代词this或that。
e.g. — What’ that?
— It is a pen.
4. 指代婴儿或不明身份的人。
e.g. Someone is knocking at the door. Please go and see who it is.
5. 作形式主语或形式宾语,也可用于某些固定句式中。
e.g. It’s necessary for us to learn English well.
She found it difficult to learn geography.
物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
1. 形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词,不能单独使用。
2. 名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,句中作主语、宾语、表语等,可与of所有格连用。
物主代词
My parents are both teachers.
His idea is quite different from mine.
He is a friend of mine.
定语
宾语
表语
定语
/ 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数
形容词性物主代词 my our your your his her its their
名词性
物主代词 mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs
形容词性物主代词&名词性物主代词
单数 复数
第一人称 myself ourselves
第二人称 yourself yourselves
第三人称 himself themselves
herself
itself
1. 反身代词表示“某人自己的”。
句中可作动词或介词的宾语,也可作主语或宾语的同位语,表示强调。
反身代词
用法 例句
作宾语 Everyone celebrated the labour festival and enjoyed themselves.
作表语 The poor boy in the story was myself.
作同位语 England itself (it) is part of an island, and you are always near the sea.
dress oneself 给自己穿衣服
believe in oneself 相信自己
behave oneself 举止规矩
keep it to oneself
不把某事告诉别人;保守秘密
talk to oneself 自言自语
say to oneself 心里想
by oneself 独自
for oneself 为自己
enjoy oneself 过得愉快
teach oneself 自学
help yourself/yourselve